asch - comformity

• What is a commonly accepted definition of conformity?

  A change in behavior or belief due to group pressure
• Why do people often conform to group behavior?

  To avoid social rejection or to fit in
• In Ash's research, what percentage of participants conformed at least once?

  75%
• How does compliance differ from internalization in conformity?

  Compliance is superficial; internalization is deep
• What are the three types of conformity according to Helman?

  • Compliance
  • Identification
  • Internalization
• What is the primary motivation behind compliance?

  Desire for positive reactions from others
• What is normative social influence?

  Conforming to be liked or accepted by others
• How does identification differ from compliance?

  Identification involves aligning with a group
• What motivates internalization in conformity?

  Desire for correctness and moral alignment
• What is the key feature of internalization?

  Changes remain without external pressure
• What is the difference between obedience and conformity?

  Obedience involves authority; conformity does not
• What are the two explanations for conformity?

  Normative social influence and informational social influence
• What does normative social influence lead to?

  Compliance with group norms
• How does informational social influence affect decision-making?

  Individuals look to the group for guidance
• What happens in an emergency situation regarding conformity?

  People follow the majority's actions for safety
• What did Ash's study involve?

  Identifying the correct comparison line
• What was the mean conformity rate in Ash's study?

  32%
• How did group size affect conformity in Ash's research?

  Conformity increased with more Confederates
• What effect did having an ally have on conformity rates?

  It significantly reduced conformity rates
• What did Ash find when he increased task difficulty?

  Conformity rates significantly increased
• What is a criticism of Ash's study regarding its generalizability?

  It lacks temporal validity and cultural diversity
• What is the difference between collectivist and individualistic societies in terms of conformity?

  Collectivist societies are more conformist
• How does Ash's study relate to real-life conformity situations?

  It lacks mundane realism and context
• What is a challenge in distinguishing between NSI and ISI in conformity?

  Participants may not know their motivations
• What are the key features of Ash's experiment on conformity?

  • Used male student participants
  • Included Confederates giving wrong answers
  • Measured conformity rates across trials
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of Ash's study?

  Strengths:

  • High control over variables
  • Standardized procedures

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Lacks temporal validity
  • Limited cultural generalizability
  • Lacks mundane realism
• What are the two main types of social influence?

  • Normative social influence (NSI)
  • Informational social influence (ISI)