aims and hypotheses

• What are the main topics covered in the video?

  Research aims and hypotheses
• What is the difference between research aims and hypotheses?

  Aims outline what to investigate; hypotheses state testable predictions
• Why might a researcher choose to investigate a specific aim?

  Previous research raised interesting questions
• What is a hypothesis?

  A precise statement that can be tested
• What must a hypothesis include in an experiment?

  Independent and dependent variables
• How would you operationalize the variable 'recall' in a study?

  By stating the number of words recalled
• What is the null hypothesis?

  It states no difference between conditions
• What is the alternate hypothesis?

  It suggests a difference between conditions
• How do scientists treat the null hypothesis?

  They accept it unless evidence rejects it
• What is the significance of the term 'falsifiability' in science?

  Theory must be open to being proven false
• What probability threshold is used to accept the alternate hypothesis?

  One in 20 or less
• What does accepting an alternate hypothesis imply?

  Evidence is strong but not perfect
• What should you avoid saying in scientific writing?

  Using the word 'prove'
• What is the difference between a directional and non-directional hypothesis?

  Directional specifies the expected direction of results
• When would a researcher use a directional hypothesis?

  If previous research indicates the direction
• What are the two types of hypotheses in research?

  • Null hypothesis (H0): No difference between conditions
  • Alternate hypothesis (H1): Suggests a difference exists
• What are the steps in hypothesis testing?

  1. Formulate null and alternate hypotheses
  2. Collect data
  3. Use statistical tests
  4. Evaluate evidence to accept or reject hypotheses
• What are the implications of using the word 'prove' in science?

  • 'Prove' implies absolute certainty
  • Science is based on evidence, not proof
  • Theories must be falsifiable
• What resources are available for students on psycboost.com?

  • Over 170 videos for qualifications
  • Bonus resources for Patreon supporters
  • Tutorial videos and Discord channel access
• Who supports the development of the research methods unit on psycboost?

  • Students and teachers on Patreon