gender and culture bias

• What is often assumed when discussing psychological theories?

  They apply universally to everyone
• What issue arises when examining the creators of psychological theories?

  Most were white males with biases
• What does the term "WEIRD" refer to in psychological research?

  Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, Democratic
• What are the two particular sources of bias in psychology discussed?

  • Gender bias
  • Culture bias
• What is the new feature of the Psych Boost flashcard app?

  Over 1,500 multiple choice questions
• Why are issues and debates useful in psychology exams?

  They provide excellent evaluations for other topics
• What leads to psychologists being biased?

  Pre-existing views influencing theories and data interpretation
• What is the consequence of bias in psychology?

  Invalid understanding of human behavior
• What is gender bias in psychological research?

  • Stereotypical beliefs about male and female behavior
  • Influences theoretical assumptions
  • Misrepresents actual behavior
• What is cultural bias in psychology?

  • Judging behavior through one's cultural lens
  • Often leads to ethnocentric viewpoints
  • Assumes one's culture is superior
• What does universality mean in psychology?

  Behavior is true for all humans
• What does the term "WEIRD" imply about psychological samples?

  They are not representative of the global population
• What is alpha bias in psychology?

  Overemphasis on behavioral differences between genders
• What is beta bias in psychology?

  Assuming no differences in behavior between genders
• How did Milgram's study exemplify beta bias?

  Only male participants were used
• What is the fight or flight response based on?

  A male survival strategy
• What alternative response to stress does Taylor propose for females?

  Tend and befriend
• What is cultural bias in psychological research?

  • Interpreting behavior through one's cultural norms
  • Often leads to misdiagnosis of disorders
  • Can affect understanding of mental health
• What percentage of psychological research subjects come from the USA?

  68%
• What is ethnocentrism in psychology?

  Viewing one's culture as superior
• How can cultural bias affect mental health diagnoses?

  Using Western definitions on non-Westerners
• What is imposed etic in psychology?

  Applying one culture's norms to all cultures
• What does cultural relativism imply?

  Behavior is understood in cultural context
• How can bias in psychology be reduced?

  • Admit there is a problem
  • Avoid assuming universal norms
  • Promote diverse and indigenous researchers
  • Use cross-cultural samples
  • Reflect on personal biases
• What is the importance of diverse samples in psychological research?

  They provide a more accurate understanding
• What should researchers clarify when reporting findings?

  Theories relate only to the sample's gender or culture
• What is the role of Patreon supporters for the channel?

  They support the creation of educational content
• What resources are available for Patreon supporters?

  Exclusive exam tutorial videos and resources
• Why is it important to understand bias in psychological research?

  It affects the validity of psychological theories
• How does historical context influence psychological theories?

  Shapes the perspectives of theorists
• Why is cultural context significant in interpreting behavior?

  It provides a framework for understanding actions
• What is the significance of reflexivity in psychological research?

  Helps researchers recognize personal biases
• What are the implications of misdiagnosis due to cultural bias?

  Leads to inappropriate treatment and understanding
• Why are ethical considerations necessary in psychological research?

  To protect participants and ensure valid results
• How do societal norms influence research methodologies?

  They shape the selection of participants and methods
• Why is diverse representation important in psychological studies?

  It enhances the generalizability of findings
• What is the relationship between psychological theories and societal values?

  Societal values can shape psychological theories