atypical sex chromosome patterns

• strength of research into atypical sex chromosome syndromes?

  P - its contribution to the nature-nurture debate.

  E - by comparing people who have these syndromes with chromosome typical individuals it becomes possible to see psychological and behavioural differences between the 2 groups. might be logically inferred that these differences have a biological basis and are a direct result of the abnormal chromosome structure.

  L - support the view that innate nature influences have a powerful effect on psychology and behaviour.
• CA for strength of research into atypical sex chromosome syndromes?

  P - issues in leaping to this conclusion.

  E - relationship between the atypical chromosomal patterns associated with klinefelters syndrome and turners syndrome and the differences in behaviour seen in these individuals is not causal. may be that environmental and social influences are more responsible for the behavioural differences observed.

  E - social immaturity in females with turners syndrome may arise from how they're treated immaturely which can have an indirect impact on their performance at school.

  L - could be wrong to assume that psychological and behavioural differences in people with atypical sex chromosome patterns are due to nature.
• another strength of research into atypical sex chromosomes?

  P - its application to managing the syndromes

  E - continued research into atypical sex chromosome patterns is likely to lead to earlier and more accurate diagnoses of turners and klinefelters syndromes as well as more positive outcomes in future.

  E - australian study of 87 individuals with klinefelters showed that those who'd been identified and treated from a very young age experienced significant benefits in terms of managing their syndrome compared to those diagnosed in adulthood.

  L - increased awareness of atypical chromosome patterns does have a useful real world application.
• one limitation with the description of klinefelters syndrome?

  P - sampling issue

  E - in order to identify the characteristics of XXY individuals, necessary to identify a large number of individuals with disorder and build a database so can see full range of characteristics from mild to severe. only those who have most severe symptoms may be distorted.

  E - boada et al report that prospective studies have produced a more accurate picture of the characteristics. many with kilnefelters don't experience significant cognitive or psychological problems and many are highly successful academically and in personal lives and career.

  L - the typical picture of klinefelters may well be exaggerated.