Save
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
IV Prep
Trans - IV Prep
Save
Share
Learn
Content
Leaderboard
Share
Learn
Created by
Precious
Visit profile
Cards (96)
How is fluid balance measured?
Fluid intake
+
fluid output
View source
What must fluid intake equal for balance?
Fluid output
View source
What are the components of fluid balance?
Fluid distribution
Fluid intake
Fluid output
View source
What hormone is associated with fluid output regulation?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
View source
What detects fluid deficit in the body?
Osmoreceptors
View source
Which part of the brain receives signals from osmoreceptors?
Hypothalamus
View source
What is the effector organ when there is fluid deficit?
Pituitary gland
View source
Which gland secretes ADH and oxytocin?
Posterior pituitary gland
View source
What are the two main areas where body fluids are located?
Extracellular fluid
(ECF)
Intracellular fluid
(ICF)
View source
What percentage of body weight is extracellular fluid (ECF)?
20%
View source
What are the two major divisions of extracellular fluid?
Intravascular fluid
and
interstitial fluid
View source
What is the minor division of extracellular fluid?
Transcellular fluid
View source
What percentage of body weight is intracellular fluid (ICF)?
40%
View source
What regulates fluid intake when plasma osmolality increases?
Thirst
View source
Why do women have less water than men?
Higher
fat percentage
in women
View source
Where is the thirst control mechanism located?
Hypothalamus
View source
Through which organs does fluid output occur?
Lungs
Skin
Gastrointestinal tract
Kidneys
View source
What happens to ADH levels with low fluid intake?
ADH
levels
increase
to
retain
fluid
View source
What influences fluid output?
Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)
View source
What is the effect of increased ADH secretion?
Decreased
fluid output
View source
What does ANP do?
Increases
fluid output
View source
What is the passive movement of molecules from higher to lower concentration called?
Diffusion
View source
What is osmosis?
Movement of water via
semi-permeable
membrane
View source
What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?
Cell shrinks (
crenation
)
View source
What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?
Cell swells (
lysis
)
View source
What is filtration in the context of body fluids?
Movement through a
membrane
of
unequal
pressure
View source
How is urine formed in the kidneys?
By
filtration
View source
What is active transport?
Movement from lower to higher
concentration
View source
What does active transport require?
Adenosine triphosphate
(ATP)
View source
What are the types of fluid imbalances?
Volume
and
osmolality
imbalances
ECF
imbalances
View source
What is hypernatremia also known as?
Water deficit
View source
What is hyponatremia also known as?
Water excess
View source
What is clinical dehydration?
ECV
and
hypernatremia
combined
View source
What is hypovolemia also known as?
Dehydration
View source
What happens during hypovolemia?
Water is
lost
,
sodium
increases
View source
What is hypervolemia also known as?
Overhydration
View source
What indicates pitting edema?
Excessive
water in the body
View source
What is the normal range for sodium?
135 to
145
mmol
/ L
View source
What is hyponatremia?
Sodium
deficit
View source
What is hypernatremia?
Sodium
surplus
View source
See all 96 cards