REACTIONS OF HALOGENOALKANES

• WHY ARE HALOGENALKANES MORE REACTIVE THAN ALKANES?

  • larger electronegative difference
  • higher polarity
  • more reactive
• ELECTROPHILE?

  species that accepts an electron pair (positively charged)
• NUCLEOPHILE?

  species that donates a pair of electrons (negatively charged)
• WHY DOES NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION OCCUR?

  nucleophiles are more negative than halogens (nucleophiles take place of halogens)
• EXAMPLES OF REAGENTS IN NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION?

  NaOH, KOH
• CONDITIONS REQUIRED FOR NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION?

  aqueous, warm
• WHAT HAPPENS IN A NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTION?

  halogen atom replaced by OH group
• IS A NUCLEOPHILE NEGATIVELY OR POSITIVELY CHARGED?

  negatively
• IS AN ELECTROPHILE NEGATIVELY OR POSITIVELY CHARGED?

  positively