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Biology Honors
Cellular Respiration
Cellular Respiration
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Cellular Respiration is making
ATP.
All organisms get their
energy
from food.
Metabolism is the
chemical
reactions
in an
organism
Synthesis - combines
small
,
simple
organic
molecules
to form
complex
compounds
for
cell growth
and
maintenance.
(Metabolism)
Synthesis
uses
energy.
Decomposition:
releases
energy
by
breaking
down
organic
food
molecules
into
simple
forms.
(Metabolism)
Decomposition is
getting
energy.
Decomposition
breaks
down
food
from
outside
the
cell
into
energy
,
cellular
building
blocks
and
heat
inside
the
cell.
Synthesis combines
energy
and
cellular
building
blocks
into
macromolecules
inside
the
cell.
The amount of
energy
in
food
depends on the types of
bonds
in
macromolecules.
Chemical bonds hold
energy
Energy stored in food is measured in
calories.
Calorie = the amount of
energy
to
raise
1 gram of
water
to
1
degree
Celsius.
Food labels use
calorie
= 1
kilocalorie
Eat
and
breathe
to gain energy.
Cellular Respiration is the process of
converting
food
energy
into
ATP
in the pressure of
oxygen
, called
aerobic
respiration.
No oxygen means no
cellular
respiration
no mitochondria means
no
cellular
respiration.
Without oxygen,
fermentation
(
anaerobic
respiration
) is used, but it is not as good.
Examples of
anaerobic
respiration
are alcohol, lactic acids (in cheese).
Cellular Respiration Word Equation:
Glucose
+
Oxygen
->
Carbon
Dioxide
+
Water
+
Energy
Stages of Cellular Respiration:
Glycolysis
,
Krebs
Cycle
,
Electron
Transport
Chain.
Glycolysis occurs
outside
the
mitochondria.
Krebs
Cycle
and
Electron
Transport
Chain
are both conducted
inside
the mitochondria.
All three stages of cellular respiration have to be
completed
for cellular respiration to occur.
The structure of the mitochondria contains an
outer
membrane
,
inner
membrane
,
cristae
, and
matrix.
All parts of the
mitochondria
The first stage of cellular respiration is
glycolysis.
In glycolysis,
glucose
is broken down.
Glycolysis occurs in the
cytoplasm
of the cell.
Glycolysis only releases
10%
of
energy
stored in
glucose.
Glycolysis produces
2
ATP
molecules.
The second stage of cellular respiration is the
Krebs
cycle.
The Krebs Cycle occurs in the
mitochondria
matrix.
In the Krebs Cycle, most
CO2
is formed as a
waste
product of
glucose.
The Krebs Cycle produces
2
ATP
molecules.
The third stage of cellular respiration is
Electron
Transport
Chain.
Electron Transport Chain occurs in mitochondria
inner
membrane.
During Electron Transport Chain,
O2
is used and
H2O
is the
waste
product.
90
% of energy is
gained
in the last step of
cellular
respiration.
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