english 1-7

• components in a sentence that are grammatically the same- it is similar in construction, sound, meaning or meter


  parallelism
• helps maintain consistency within one's work

  creates a balanced flow of ideas

  makes the sentence concise, clear and easy to read
• literary device which introduces two opposites for contrast


  antithesis
• repeats words or phrases at the beginning of a clause to emphasize them


  anaphora
• word or phrase is repeated at the end of a sentence


  epiphora
• using nouns

  verbs - past tense

  verbs - present

  verbs - future

  gerund (ing)

  using adjective

  phrases and clauses (prepostition)

  using infinitive (to)

  repetition of words
• every time you use a pronoun, the antecedent has to be considered. an antecedent is a word for which a pronoun stands

  the basic rule is that the pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number and gender


  pronoun antecedent
• pronoun must always agree to its antecedent

  singular ante = singular pro

  plural ante = plural pro


  general rule
• two or more singular noun ante are joined by and, they make a plural ante and prons
• each or every precedes two or more singular things joined by and, it is considered as singular ante
• indefinite pronouns are always singular

  either, neither, other, anybody, someone, everything, no one, nothing, each, one
• two or more noun ante are joined by either or, neither nor, not only but also, choose a pronoun referent to agree with the ante closest to the verb
• some nouns which name groups can be either singular or plural, depending upon their meaning in individual sentences
• represents categorical data with rectangular bars


  bar graph
• displays data that changes continuously over time


  line graph
• numbers in percentages, and total sum of all pies should equal 100


  pie chart