3.7.1: Inheritance

• Define: genotype

  genetic constitution of organism, describing their alleles
• Define: Phenotype

  Observable/biochemical characteristic -> characteristics as a result of the interaction between genotype & environment
• Define: Homozygous

  Same allele
• Define: Heterozygous

  Different alleles
• Define: Dominant (allele)

  Allele that is always expressed
• Define: Recessive (allele)

  Allele not expressed if dominant allele present / only expressed if homozygous for this allele
• Define: Codominance

  Both (dominant) alleles expressed when heterozygous
• Define: Partial dominance

  both alleles of a locus are partially expressed
• Define: Sex linkage

  Genes carried by the sex chromosomes
• Define: Autosomal linkage 


  Genes carried by the autosomes (not the sex chromosomes)

  These genes are on the same chromosome & tend to be inherited together
• Define: Epistasis

  The expression of one gene affects the expression of another