Bio explanation for sex+gender/role of chromo/hormones

• Outline role of chromosomes and hormones on sex n gender part 1

  If a sperm cell carries a Y chromosome, it causes the XY (male) foetus to have the SRY gene.

  The SRY gene leads to the development of testes in males. The testes secrete higher amounts of testosterone which leads to male sex characteristics (e.g. muscle mass and facial hair) as well as masculine gender characteristics

  (e.g. increased aggression).
• Outline the role of chromosomes and hormones on sex and gender. - Absence of SRY gene

  The absence of the SRY gene in XX (female) foetuses results in them developing ovaries.

  The ovaries secrete higher amounts of oestrogen which leads to female sex characteristics (e.g. breast development and wider hips) as well as feminine gender characteristics (e.g. increased empathy).
• Outline Oxytocin

  Oxytocin is another hormone that can affect gender characteristics i.e. women produce larger amounts of oxytocin than men and it has been linked to their increased compassion and ability to bond with others (tend and befriend responses rather than fight or flight).
• Strength of the role of chromosomes on gender - supporting evidence - Klinefelter's syndrome

  Klinefelter's syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in men whereby they have XXY chromosomes rather than the traditional XY chromosomes. This has resulted in them developing atypical sex characteristics such as increased breast growth. It has also resulted in atypical gender characteristics such as they are more shy and passive than a typical male
• Strength of the role of chromosomes on sex n gender - supporting evidence - Turner’s syndrome

  Turner’s syndrome is a chromosomal disorder in women whereby they have XO chromosomes rather than the traditional XX chromosomes. This has resulted in them developing atypical sex characteristics such as less breast development. It has also resulted in atypical gender characteristics such as they tend to have poorer social skills and more difficulties fitting in than a typical female. This is a strength as it shows how chromosomes can lead to changes in both sex and gender. adds credibility.
• Limitation of the role chromosome on gender - supporting evidence - risk of confounding variables.

  Klinefelter’s males may be more shy/passive, not because of their atypical sex chromosomes because more likely to be bullied for their atypical features (e.g. breast growth) Females with Turner’s syndrome have more difficulty fitting in, not because of atypical sex chromosomes - they are more likely to be bullied for their atypical features (e.g. webbed neck). limitation-it suggests that environmental factors rather than chromosomes are influencing their gender development. questions cred