Production Processes:

• 1)Job Production

  • Definition: One-off production tailored to an individual customer’s needs.
  • Advantages:
  • Highly flexible; can be customized exactly as the customer wants.
  • Provides job satisfaction for workers due to skill and flexibility required.
  • Disadvantages:
  • Expensive, especially in high-wage economies.
  • Skilled labor may be limited, which can hinder business growth.
• 2)Batch Production

  • Definition: Production of a limited number of identical products at once.
  • Advantages:
  • Cost advantages in producing several items at a time.
  • Can still offer some customization (e.g., color or size).
  • Disadvantages:
  • Limited automation; production costs are higher than in flow production.
  • Less flexibility than job production.
• 3)Flow Production

  • Definition: Continuous production of identical products, suitable for high automation.
  • Advantages:
  • High cost efficiency, benefiting both customers and suppliers.
  • Consistency in product quality, producing identical units each time.
  • Disadvantages:
  • Expensive setup and inflexibility; difficult to switch or customize products.
  • May be problematic if product demand or lifecycle is shorter than expected.