Sunrise Model part 2

• Madeleine Leininger, RPhD, LHD, DS, CTN, RN, FAAN, FRCNA is the founder and leader of Transcultural Nursing and Leader of Human Care Research.
• Madeleine Leininger was an Anthropologist before focusing on Transculural Nursing.
• Madeleine Leininger is a Professor Emeritus from the College of Nursing at Wayne State University in Detroit, Michigan.
• Madeleine Leininger is an Adjunct Faculty Member from the College of Nursing at the University of Nebraska Medical Center in Omaha, Nebraska.
• Madeleine Leininger is an internationally known transcultural nursing lecturer, educator, author, theorist, administrator, researcher, and consultant in nursing and anthropology.
• Cultural illnesses that tend to occur in your culture include:
• Values, beliefs, or practices that influence the ways you want nursing care include:
• Nonhelpful nursing practices include:
• Specific and general examples of ways to receive good nursing care include:
• Environmental or home community factors that nurses should be especially aware of to give care to you and your family include:
• Community resources that have helped you get well and stay well include:
• How you manage pain and stress includes:
• Ways to care for you include:
• Stresses in the hospital or home that need to be considered in your recovery or staying well include:
• Professional and generic (folk or lay) care beliefs and practices contribute to well-being within the hospital or at home.
• Technological factors in daily life are greatly dependent upon high-tech modern appliances or equipment.
• Language and communication factors influence receiving care or help from others due to barriers in language or communication.
• Economic factors influence health and access to care through money.
• Technological factors in the hospital help examine or care for patients.
• Political and legal factors in the community or home influence well-being or handicap lifeways in being cared for by oneself or others.
• Educational factors contribute to staying well or becoming ill.
• Technological factors help keep patients well by providing access to care and professional services.
• General and specific nursing care factors in the hospital or home are important to patients.
• Madeleine Leininger initiated the Nurse Scientist and several transcultural nursing programs in the early 1970s and 1980s.
• Culture Care Preservation or Maintenance refers to those assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions that help people of a particular culture to retain and/or maintain meaningful care values and lifeways for their well-being, to recover from illness, or to deal with handicaps or dying.
• The Sunrise Model is a guide to discover new knowledge or to confirm knowledge of cultural informants.
• The Sunrise Model provides a holistic view of the cultures and not just nursing diagnoses, symptoms, disease, and medical views.
• Cultural imposition refers to the outsider’s efforts, both subtle and not so subtle, to impose their own cultural values, beliefs, and behaviors upon an individual, family, or group from another culture.
• The Sunrise Model helps to reach out and help people with diverse cultures.
• The Sunrise Model encourages clients to share their care knowledge and practices.
• Culture Care Accommodation and/or Negotiation refers to those assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling creative professional actions and decisions that help people of a designated culture (or subculture) to adapt to or to negotiate with others for meaningful, beneficial and healthy lifeways.
• Culture shock may lead to anger and can be reduced by seeking knowledge of the culture before encountering that culture.
• Culture Care Repatterning and/or Restructuring refers to the assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling professional actions and decisions that help clients reorder, change, or modify their lifeways for new, different, and beneficial healthcare patterns while respecting the clients' cultural values and beliefs and still providing a beneficial or healthier lifeway before the changes were established with the clients.
• Leininger’s Culture Care Theory attempts to provide culturally congruent nursing care through “cognitively based assistive, supportive, facilitative, or enabling acts or decisions that are mostly tailor-made to fit with individual, group’s, or institution’s cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways.
• The intent of the care is to fit with or have beneficial meaning and health outcomes for people of different or similar culture backgrounds.
• In the Ethnohistory domain of inquiry, the researcher would like to know about the client's cultural background, including where they were born and where they have been living in the recent past, their parents' origins, and any relocations or special life events or experiences that could be helpful to understand the client and their needs.
• In the Kinship and Social Factors domain of inquiry, the researcher would like to hear about the client's family and close social friends and how they have influenced their life and especially their caring or healthy lifeways.
• Early General Transcultural Nursing Studies discovered that Mexican-Americans preferred nurses who communicated with them in Spanish and that they expected and valued care expressions and practices that were personal, friendly, and respectful of the family.
• In the Cultural Values, Beliefs, and Lifeways domain of inquiry, the researcher would like to understand the client's cultural values, beliefs, and lifeways and how they influence their healthcare.
• In the Religious/Spiritual/Philosophical Factors domain of inquiry, the researcher would like to understand how the client's religion or spiritual beliefs have helped them to care for themselves or others in keeping well or to regain health and how religion helps them heal or face crisis, disabilities, or even death.