Unit 1 Exam preparation

• Abstract Logical thinking is the ability to solve problems using imagination
• Accommodation is modifying schemes in relation to new information and experiences
• Attachment = A strong emotional connection between a child and caregiver
• Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another
• Egocentric thinking is the not being able to see a situation from another person's point of view
• Disequilibrium is the state of cognitive imbalance between what is experienced and what is understood
• Concrete logical thinking is the ability to solve problems providing an individual can see or physically handle the issue involved
• Birth and Infancy - 0-2 years
• Early Childhood - 3-8 years
• Adolescence - 9-18 years
• Early Adulthood - 19-45 years
• Middle Adulthood - 46-65 years
• Later Adulthood - 65 years onwards
• Growth - an increase in some measured quantity, such as height or weight.
• Development - Complex changes including an increase in skills, abilities and capabilities.
• Development norms - a description of an average set of expectations with respect to a young child's development.
• Milestone - an ability achieved by most children by a certain age. i.e physical, social, emotional, cognitive and communication skills.
• Gross Motor skills - Large movements that involve using the large muscles of the body which are required for mobility.
• Fine Motor Skills - Small movements that require more precise direction for example, using the fingers.
• Cognitive Development - The process through which individuals acquire knowledge about themselves and the world around them.
• Cognitive Impairment - When a person has trouble remembering, learning new skills, concentrating or making decisions that affect their everyday life.
• Self-Image - Is the mental picture, a personal view that an individual has of themselves.
• Self-esteem - confidence in one's own worth or abilities.
• Self-concept - An awareness formed in early childhood of being an individual, a unique person and different from everyone else.
• Equilibrium - A state of cognitive balance when a child's experience is in line with what they understand.
• Nature - Genetics determine our behavior. Our personality traits and abilities are in our "nature".
• Nurture - Environment, upbringing and life experiences determine our behavior. We are "Nurtured" to behave in certain ways.
• Gesell's maturation theory - children develop through stages of cognitive, social, and physical development.
• Stress-Diathesis Model - Stressors cause the individual to develop a disorder
• Holmes Rahe - A scale of 1-10, with 1 being the lowest and 10 being the highest.
• Piaget's Cognitive Development Theory - Children progress through four stages of cognitive development as their thinking becomes more complex.
• Genetic Predisposition - a genetic predisposition to a disease or condition such as Cystic fibrosis, Brittle bones and Huntington's disease.