prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

• what are prokaryotic cells?


  Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. (bacteria cells)
• what are Eukaryotic cells?


  Cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. (plant and animal cells)
• Prokaryotic (size)

  typically 0.2-2 micrometers in diameter.
• Eukaryotic (size)

  typically 10-100 micrometers in diameter
• prokaryotes (nucleus)

  no nuclear envelope or nuclei
• eukaryotes (nucleus)

  nucleus, consisting of nuclear membrane and nucleoli
• prokaryotes (membrane enclosed organelles)

  membrane - enclosed organelles absent
• eukaryotes (membrane enclosed organelles)

  membrane enclosed organelles present
• prokaryotes (flagella)

  flagella consist of 2 protein building blocks
• eukaryotes (flagella)

  complex flagella, consist of multiple microtubules
• prokaryotic (glycocalyx)

  glycocalyx present as a capsule or slime layer
• eukaryotic (glycocalyx)

  glycocalyx present in some cells that lack a cell wall
• prokaryotic (cell wall)

  cell wall usually present, chemically complex, includes peptidoglycan
• eukaryotic (cell wall)

  when cell wall is present it is chemically simple, includes cellulose and chitin.
• prokaryotic (cytoplasm)

  no cytoskeleton or cytoplasmic streaming
• eukaryotic (cytoplasm)

  cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic streaming
• prokaryotic (plasma membrane)

  no carbohydrates and generally lack strerols
• eukaryotic (plasma membrane)

  sterols and carbohydrates that serve as receptors
• prokaryotes (ribosomes)

  smaller size (70S)
• eukaryotes (ribosomes)

  larger size (80S)
• prokaryotes (chromosomes/DNA)

  usually single circular chromosomes; typically lacks histones
• eukaryotes (chromosomes/DNA)

  multiple linear chromosomes with histones
• prokaryotic (cell division)

  binary fission
• eukaryotic (cell division)

  mitosis
• prokaryotic (sexual recombination)

  none; only transfer DNA
• eukaryotic (sexual recombination)

  meiosis