Land & Agrarian Reform in PH

• Land Reform aims to bring equity & increase productivity
• In Pre-Spanish Era, the Filipino social system in feudal which is lead by the Lord or Master
• There are 3 types of encomienda:

  • royal encomiendia
  • private encomiendia
  • ecclesiatica encomienda
• Encomenderos became the 1st group of hacenderos in the country
• Dominican and Augustinian are religious orders
• Spanish Peninsularies are persons that are pure Spanish blood that migrate other colonies of Spain
• Criollos are born and raised in one of Spanish colonies
• Mestizos is either raised or born in one of THE Spanish colonies
• Native principales are those who have higher ranks
• Inquilinos are either natives or mestizos
• Inquilinos are not allowed to lease the land unless incumbent leaseholder failed to pay rent for 2 consecutive years
• Inquilinos abused the policy and sold with interest or higher than what they called -- they are the subleaser
• 1st PH Republic started with President Emilio Aguinaldo on January 1989
• PH Bill of 1902 states that specific conditions on disposition of public lands
• Land Registration Act of 1902 (Act No 496) states the comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens System
• Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1993 (Act No 4054) states the relationship between landowners and tenants of rice lands
• Tenancy Act of 1993 (Act 4113) states the relationship between landowners and tenant of sugar cane fields
• 1st PH republic happened between 1899 to 1901 under Pres. Emilio Aguinaldo
• Rice Share Tenancy Act of 1993 (Act 4054) in a 50-50 sharing agreement
• Land Registration act of 1902 (Act 496) comprehensive registration of land titles under the Torrens system
• By 1919, about 69% of all Friar Lands has been bought and disposed by US Civil government of PH
• Pedro Calosa spearheaded so-called Colorum Revolt in Tayug, Pangasinan in 1931
• Benigno Ramos mounted the Sakdal Revolt in Cabuyao, Laguna in 1935
• RA 34 amends RA 4054 that states the 70-30 sharing arrangement with no more than 6% interest
• RA 55 amends the more effective safeguard against arbitrary ejection of tenants
• EO 335 replaced the National Land Settlement Administration with the Land Settlement Development and Administration
• LASEDECO means Land Settlement Development Corporation
• RA 1160 of 1954 aimed at peasant of HUK movement
• NARRA means National Resettlement and Rehabilitation Administration
• RA 1199 means Agriculture Tenance Act that grants the choice of shifting from share tenancy to leasehold
• RA 1400 or the Land Reform Act of 1955 states that

  • over 200 hectares for individual
  • 600 hectares if owned
• LTA means Land Tenure Administration
• RA 3844 or the Agricultural Land Reform Code - limit of 75 hectares
• RA 6389 or the Code of Agrarian Reform by the Department of Agrarian Reform
• PD 2 , September 26, 1972 placed the whole country under land reform program
• PD 27, October 21,1972 restricted land reform scope to tenanted rice and corn lands and set retention limit at 7 hectares
• 2 aspects of Land Distributions

  1. Determination of Land to be transferred
  2. Financing
• PD 1081 on September 21,1972 marks the period of new society
• 1935 Constitution ensures the well-being and economic security as the concern of the State
• NARIC means National Rice and Corn Corporation