Spectator ship theory

• what is Spectatorship theory?

  how the film manipulates and constructs our emotional reactions to things
• what are the two types of Spectators?

  Passive and Active
• passive spectator

  the concept of active and passive spectatorship addresses the level of audience engagement with a film
• active spectator

  active spectator analyse interpret and scrutinise film elements while passive spectator costume a film without much critical thought
• what are the 4 aspects of active audience theory

  1. Information
  2. Personal identity
  3. Enhance social interaction
  4. Entertainment and escapism
• what are the 4 multiple spectating selves

  social

  cultural

  private

  desiring
• Social-Self

  gaining satisfaction form having a similar response to other spectators/ homogenous mass
• Cultural self

  "gets" references and meanings generated by memory of other films and media forms. We get pleasure from a film recognising our "cultural capital"
• private self

  generates personal and unique meanings based on personal meaning
• desiring self

  brings conscious/unconscious energies and responses that have little to do with surface context. I.e the effects of the star appeal
• what are the 5 different types of Gazes that chandler created

  Spectators gaze

  intra- diegetic

  extra- diegetic

  cameras gaze

  text- within a text
• Spectators gaze

  viewpoint of the camera usually offering voyeuristic pleasure (we are watching someone intimate life without them knowing we are watching them)
• Intra- diegetic

  the characters look at eachother (we emphasise with their responses because of the use the shot reverse shot
• extra diegetic

  characters looking directly at the camera becoming aware that they're being watched (ether by another character or spectator)
• cameras gaze

  the film reveals mechanics of the gaze reminding us that we are watching a film
• text- within a text

  the characters are also watching/making a film and for a time we watch the film they are also seeing or constructing
• what are the 3 techniques used to make the audience feel connected with the characters

  physical suturing

  emotional suturing

  moral suturing