Topic 2: bonding

• A covalent bond is the strong electrostatic attraction between the two positive nuclei and the shared electrons in the bond.​
• ionic bonding is strong electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions
• dative covalent bonding is when a lone pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
• a lone pair is a pair of electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bond
• bond length is the distance between two nuclei where attraction and repulsion is balanced out
• the stronger the electron density between nuclei the stronger the attraction
• the stronger the bond enthalpy the shorter the bond length
• metallic bonding is strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the positive metal ions and negative delocolised electrons
• as ionic charge increases the ionic size decreases
• continuum of bonding type 


  2 extreme bonding types

  ionic and covalent bonding