Demographic Transition Model

• Demographic transition model


  This is a model which shows how population has changed over time. It shows how birth rate and death rate have influenced the total population of a place and changed over the years.
• It studies how birth rate and death rate affect the total population of a country. It shows marked differences between LEDCs and MEDCs.
• LEDC - Less developed country

  MEDC - More economically developed country
• As a country passes through the demographic transition model, the total population increases
• All country’s populations move through the stages of the model. Some move more quickly than others, so different countries are at different stages.
• Stage 1:

  • Birth and death rates are very high
  • No large population growth
  • No education or birth control
  • Lack of hygiene
  • Large families
• Stage 2:

  • High birth rates but low death rates
  • Healthcare improves
  • Less infants die
  • More transport and medical care
  • Improved sanitation
• Stage 3:

  1. Birth rates and death rates decrease
  2. Better education
  3. Low infant mortality
  4. Birth control
  5. Less children need to work
• Stage 4:

  • Stable population
  • More deaths than births
  • Good education and hygeine
  • Birth control available
  • Desire for small family
• Stage 5:

  • Population is high but declining
  • Ageing population
  • Less births and more deaths
  • Population will decrease because of low birth rates
  • Women have financial independance
• Contraception is the act of preventing pregnancy
• The aim of the demographic transition model is to measure levels of development
• A development index measures a countries performance according to specific development indicators