Protein Synthesis

• Step 1: DNA unwinds & separates
• Step 2 : The code (base sequence) in one DNA strand is copied into the base sequence of mRNA - Transcriprion
• Step 3 - mRNA moves into cytoplasm and goes to ribosome
• Ribosomes are made of rRNA and protein
• Step 4: rRNA binds mRNA to the ribosome
• Step 5 - Free-floating tRNAs in cytoplasm. Each triplet of bases at one end and an amino acid at the other end. tRNAs carry amino acids to mRNA on the ribosomes
• Step 6 - tRNA bind with complementary codons in mRNA
• Step 7- Amino acids attached to tRNAs are assembled in sequence by the codons in mRNA
• Step 8 - Amino acids bonded to make protein
• Step 9 - tRNAs separate from the amino acids and mRNA and go back to cytoplasm
• Step 10 -more tRNAs continue to bind with mRNA until a stop codon is reached
• Step 11 - The protein folds into a functional shape. The conversion of the base sequence (the code) in mRNA into the amino acid sequence in a protein is called translation