CHAPTER 9 : THE RESPIRATORY SYTEM

• what does the combining form 'laryng/o' mean?

  larynx
• what does the combining form 'nas/o' mean?

  nose
• what does the combining form ' or/o' mean?

  mouth
• what does the combining form ' pharyng/o' mean?

  pharynx
• what does the combining form ' rhin/o' mean?

  nose
• what does the combining form 'sin/o' mean?

  sinus; sinus cavity
• what does the combining form ' alveol/o' mean?

  alveolus
• what does the combining form ' bronch/o' mean?

  bronchus
• what does the combining form ' bronchiol/o' mean?

  bronchiole
• what does the combining form ' lob/o' mean?

  lobe (of the lung)
• what does the combining form ' pleur/o' mean?

  pleura
• what does the combining form ' pneum/o' mean?

  lung; air
• what does the combining form ' pneumon/o' mean?

  lung; air
• what does the combining form ' pulmon/o' mean?

  lungs
• what does the combining form ' thorac/o' mean?

  chest (thorax)
• what does the combining form ' trache/o' mean?

  trachea
• what does the combining form ' ox/o' mean?

  oxygen
• what does the combining form ' respir/o' mean?

  breathing
• what does the combining form ' spir/o' mean?

  breathing
• what does the suffix '-capnia' mean?

  carbon dioxide
• what does the suffix '-ectasis' mean?

  expansion; dilation
• what does the suffix '-axia' mean?

  oxygen
• what does the suffix '-pnea' mean?

  breathing
• the upper respiratory tract consists of?

  nose, pharynx, and larynx
• the lower respiratory tract consists of?

  trachea, primary bronchi, and lungs
• parts of the nose

  1. external nose
  2. nostrils or nares
  3. septum
  4. sinuses
  5. internal nose
  6. mucous membranes
  7. cilia
• what is external nose?

  composed of cartilage and bone, covered with skin. It is the visible part of the nose
• what is nostrils or nase?

  the openings through which air enters the nose
• what is septum?

  a dividing wall within the nose that separates it into left and right chambers
• what is sinuses?

  a dividing wall within the nose that separates it into left and right chambers
• what is internal nose?

  the inside portion of the nose, including the nasal chambers and sinuses
• what is the mucous membrane?

  the lining of the internal nose and sinuses, They help to warm and filter the air as it enters the respiratory system
• what is cilia?

  hairlike projections on the mucous membranes. They sweep dirt and foreign material towards the throat for elimination
• parts of the pharynx

  1. Pharynx

  a.Nasopharynx

  b.Oropharynx

  c.Laryngopharynx or Hypopharynx

  2. Epiglottis
• what is pharynx?

  also known as the throat, it is the airway that connects the mouth and nose to the larynx (voice box). A single organ that is commonly divided into three sections.
• Three sections of the Pharynx

  Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx/hypopharynx
• what is nasopharynx?

  the upper portion located behind the nose
• what is oropharynx?

  the middle portion located behind the mouth
• what is laryngopharynx/hypopharynx?

  the lower portion located just behind the larynx
• what is epiglottis?

  a small flap of cartilage that covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing, preventing food from entering the lower airways.