Heart Stucture

• What are the structures of the heart that need to be labeled?

  Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Aorta, Pulmonary Artery, Pulmonary Vein, Left Atrium, Semi-lunar valve, Atrioventricular valve, Cords, Left Ventricle, Septum
• What artery supplies the heart muscle with oxygenated blood?

  Coronary artery
• What is the primary purpose of the heart?

  To move substances around the body
• What are the two types of circulation systems?

  Open Circulation System and Closed Circulation System
• What are the characteristics of an Open Circulatory System?

  • Found in insects
  • Haemolymph is not confined to blood vessels
  • Blood transported directly into internal spaces within tissues
  • Large surface area to volume ratio
  • Diffusion of gases through exchange structures
• What are the characteristics of a Closed Circulatory System?

  • Found in all vertebrates
  • Blood is enclosed within vessels
  • Generates pressure, forcing blood along channels
  • Blood travels faster
  • More efficient delivery of substances
• What is a Single Circulation System?

  One Atrium and One Ventricle
• How does blood flow in a Single Circulation System?

  Blood enters and leaves heart once per circulation
• What happens in the gills during Single Circulation?

  Gaseous exchange occurs, oxygenated blood leaves
• What is a Double Circulation System?

  Two Atria and Two Ventricles
• How does blood flow in a Double Circulation System?

  Blood enters and leaves heart twice per circulation
• What is the difference between the right and left heart muscle walls?

  Right wall is thin; left wall is thick
• Why does the right heart muscle have a thin wall?

  It generates low blood pressure to lungs
• What is the function of the septum in the heart?

  Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
• What are the functions of the atrioventricular and semi-lunar valves?

  • Atrioventricular valves prevent backflow from ventricles to atria
  • Semi-lunar valves prevent backflow from arteries to ventricles
• What is the size and shape of the human heart?

  Cone shaped and the size of a fist
• How much blood does the human heart pump per minute?

  Approximately 5 litres per minute
• How many times does the human heart beat in a day?

  Approximately 100,000 times a day
• How does the structure of the heart relate to its function?

  • Bicuspid and tricuspid valves prevent backflow
  • Semi-lunar valves prevent backflow from arteries
  • Thick left heart muscle generates high pressure
  • Thin right heart muscle generates low pressure
  • Septum prevents mixing of blood types