animal cell

• It serves as the skin of the cell that controls the entrance or exit of substances in a cell - cell membrane
• Cell membrane - keeps all parts of the cell intact and enables the nutrients, wastes, and secretions to go in and out of the cell
• Nucleus - is considered as the control center of the cell because it unifies and integrates the processes in the cell
• Nucleoplasm - is a type of protoplasm or a gelatinous matrix of a nucleus which is the base material
• Chromosome - is a rod-shaped structure inside the nucleus which is composed of linear deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and proteins (histone and non-histone)
• Gene - is found along the DNA molecules which is described as the beads of a string.
• Nuclear membrane - is the membrane that encloses the nucleus, it has nuclear pores that function as the passageway of large molecules in and out of the nucleus.
• Nucleolus - is a dense area inside the nucleus where the ribosomal ribonucleic acid or rRNA
• DNA - deoxyribonucleic acid
• rRNA - a kind of ribonucleic acid molecule that will later on be a part of the ribosomes, is created
• Cytoplasm - is the fluid portion of the cell outside the nucleus, contains organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, vacuoles, cytoskeleton, etc.
• This is where most of the cell's metabolic reactions take place - cytoplasm
• Endoplasmic reticulum - also called ER, is an interconnected membrane system that works as a transport network of tubules and flattened sacs within the cytoplasm
• The outer surface of the ER where ribosomes are attached is called -rough endoplasmic reticulum
• The part where there is no attached ribosomes is called the - smooth endoplasmic reticulum
• Ribosome - is not an organelle because it has no membrane. However, it is important for the synthesis of essential proteins
• When ribosomes are clustered together, they are called - polysomesor polyribosomes
• It communicates with the ER to finalize the synthesis of proteins into functional proteins and packages them in an enclosed membrane vesicle for the storage and export of proteins in the cell - cell membrane
• Mitochondrion - is a double-membranous organelle that functions as the powerhouse of the cell
• It is called the powerhouse of the cell because it produces - Adenosine triphosphate
• Adenosine triphosphate - which is the energy used in the cell.
• Lysosome - is a membrane bound vesicle that comes from the Golgi body.
• It is called the suicide bag of the cell - lysosome
• it is called the suicide bag of the cell because it contains - hydrolytic enzyme
• It also breaks down old organelles and the cell itself in a process - lysosome
• Cytoskeleton - is a system of fibers that is made up of protein subunits called microtubules, intermediate filament, and microfilament, All three serve to strengthen, support, and maintain the structure and shape of a during cell division
• It may also act as highways for organelles as they move across the cell - cytoskeleton
• It also breaks down old organelles and the cell itself in a process called - apoptosis