oral com

• Oral Communication is a type of communication that involves the use of speech to convey information or ideas.
• Manuscript Speech involves reading your speech word-for-word from its written form, with the advantages of being well-prepared and not missing any word, but disadvantages of lacking impact on the audience due to its lack of emotion and face/body gestures.
• Impromptu Speech is a type of speech that is not prepared or rehearsed and is delivered on the spot.
• Extemporaneous Speech is a type of speech that is prepared and rehearsed but is delivered without a manuscript.
• Memorized Speech is a type of speech that is memorized and delivered from memory.
• Manuscript Speech is a type of speech that is delivered from a manuscript.
• Memorized Speech is a method of delivering a speech that is recalled verbatim from a text, done by preparing a written speech and then memorizing it word for word, with the advantages of having more time to prepare and eye contact with the audience, but disadvantages of needing more time memorizing the text and potentially forgetting what to say.
• Impromptu Speech is a method of delivering a speech with little or even without advance preparation, done if a person is asked to speak “off the cuff” or at the “spur of the moment.”
• Memorized Speech is a method of delivering a speech that is recalled verbatim from a text, done by preparing a written speech and then memorizing it word for word, with the advantages of having more time to prepare and eye contact with the audience, but disadvantages of needing more time memorizing the text and potentially forgetting what to say.
• Impromptu speech delivery is natural, more conversational and spontaneous, but it can be challenging due to the lack of preparation.
• Effective impromptu speech delivery involves identifying the purpose of the speech, thinking of a main point, using appropriate transitional devices, and observing appropriate and effective nonverbal cues.
• Disadvantages of extemporaneous speech include requiring strong oratory skills, appearing knowledgeable and genuine, and preparing for it requires reinforcing, capturing, developing, and introducing the central idea.
• Capturing the central idea of an extemporaneous speech in one specific declarative sentence is crucial.
• Reinforcing in preparing for an effective extemporaneous speech involves exploring other main points but always referring back to the thesis.
• Introducing an extemporaneous speech involves grabbing the attention of the audience with a striking one-liner, giving a short background to explain why they have to listen, and stating the thesis.
• Checking the main points of an extemporaneous speech involves ensuring that each point has one single idea, reiterating the thesis statement, and preparing the discussion of the next main point.
• Extemporaneous speech is a planned and prepared speech delivered with the help of short notes and a clear outline.
• Developing an outline for an extemporaneous speech involves mapping out the supporting points around the central idea.
• Most people who speak in public often prefer the extemporaneous method of delivery due to its advantages of giving time to prepare, well-organized content, and better audience attention.
• Supplying examples, testimonies, statistics, or cases for each main point of an extemporaneous speech is crucial.
• listening involves paying attention, understanding the speaker's message, and responding appropriately.
• the first step to effective communication is listening
• effective listeners are aware of their own feelings and reactions while listening.
• attention refers to being fully present during conversation
• effective listeners are attentive, empathetic, and responsive
• The three types of listening are selective listening (focused on specific information), attentive listening (active engagement with the speaker), and critical listening (evaluation of the speaker's credibility).
• Barriers to effective communication during speaking engagements include physical barriers such as distance, noise level, lighting, and visual distractions, and psychological barriers like language differences, cultural background, and personal beliefs.
• empathy means putting yourself in someone else's shoes
• they listen with empathy and respect for others.
• Nonverbal cues play a significant role in communication, including facial expressions, gestures, body posture, eye contact, tone of voice, and touch.
• they avoid interrupting and allow speakers to finish speaking.
• they ask questions when necessary to clarify information.
• understanding means comprehending what was said by the speaker
• empathy means putting yourself in someone else’s shoes
• responding includes acknowledging the speaker with appropriate feedback such as nodding, smiling, or asking questions.
• responsiveness means showing that you understand what was said by nodding or saying “uh-huh”
• paraphrasing is restating the main points of the speaker's message using different words.
• Tekstong Deskriptibo


  • Nagpapahayag ng impresyon at kakintalang likha ng pandama (ginagamitan ng mga five senses)
• Pag-uulat ng impormasyon


  • Nakatuon sa pagbibigay kaalaman patungkol sa tao, bagay, hayop, lugar atbp.
  • Kinakailangan ng pananaliksik (trivia, facts)
• Tekstong Impormatibo


  • Naglalayong magpaliwanag at magbigay ng impormasyon