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Biology Honors
Cellular Respiration
Glycolysis
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Glycolysis occurs in the
cytosol.
Glycolysis produces small amounts of
ATP.
Glycolysis is used in
fermentation
and
respiration.
Glycolysis converts
glucose
(6C) to
2 pyruvates
(3C+phosphate)
Glycolysis uses
2 ATP
to break down glucose. (
oxidize
)
Glycolysis produces
4
ATP
and
2
NADH.
The NET production of Glycolysis is
2 ATP
and
2 NADH.
NAD+ to NADH is
Reduction.
NAD+
is an electron carrier
The NADH produced in Glycolysis leads to the
Electron
Transport
Chain.
The
2
Pyruvic Acids produced at the end of
Glycolysis
moves to the Krebs Cycle.
Glycolysis is a
fast
process.
Glycolysis alone
DOES
NOT
require oxygen.
Glycolysis
evolved before the other stages of Cellular Respiration and before
oxygen
was added into the atmosphere.
You have to
invest
energy to get energy.
Two
phosphate groups join
carbon
(makes it
less
stable
) from using
energy
ATP
->
ADP.
Each half of carbon has a
high
energy
phosphate
group
and donates
high
energy
electrons
and a
proton.
It is donated to Electron Carriers (
NAD+
).
NAD+ -> NADH (
Reduction
)
NADH carries an additional
proton
and two
high
energy
electron
carriers.
2ADP connects with
2 phosphates
and creates
2 ATP
molecules.
2
molecules of water are produced.
2 more ADP take the remaining
2
phosphate
groups
and creates 2 more
ATP
molecules.
Glucose is
broken
down
into
two
molecules of
pyruvate
acid.
Glycolysis results in
4
ATP
and
2
NADH.
Glycolysis has a
NET
production of
2
ATP
and
2
NADH.