factors affecting rate of reaction

• What are the main factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions?

  Concentration, pressure, temperature, surface area, catalysts
• How does increasing the concentration of dissolved reactants affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• What effect does increasing the pressure of gas reactants have on the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• How does increasing temperature influence the rate of reaction?

  It increases both collision frequency and energy
• What is activation energy?

  The minimum energy for a reaction to occur
• Why do more successful collisions occur at higher temperatures?

  More particles exceed the activation energy
• How does increasing the surface area of solid reactants affect the rate of reaction?

  It increases the frequency of collisions
• What is a common method to increase the surface area of solid reactants?

  Breaking solids into smaller lumps
• What are catalysts?

  Substances that increase reaction rates without being used
• What does collision theory explain?

  How reactions occur and their rates
• What must happen for chemical reactions to occur according to collision theory?

  Particles must collide with enough energy
• How can we increase the rate of a reaction?

  By increasing collisions and/or energy
• What are the four main factors affecting reaction rates?

  • Temperature
  • Concentration
  • Pressure (for gases)
  • Surface area
• How do concentration and pressure relate to reaction rates?

  • Both increase collision frequency
  • Both lead to faster reactions
• What is the relationship between temperature and activation energy?

  • Higher temperature increases particle energy
  • More particles exceed activation energy
• How does surface area affect the exposure of reactant particles?

  • Increased surface area exposes more particles
  • More particles are available for collisions
• What role do catalysts play in chemical reactions?

  • Increase reaction rates
  • Not consumed in the reaction