Big Idea 5: Impact of computing

• digital divide: The idea that some communities or populations have less access to computing than others, typically due to limitations of Internet speed or computer hardware access
• crowdsourcing: A model in which many online users combine efforts to help fund projects, generate ideas, or create goods or services (like Wikipedia)
• citizen science: Crowdsourcing for science! The participation of volunteers from the public in a scientific research project (like collecting rain samples or counting butterflies)
• PII (Personally identifiable information): Information about an individual that can be used to uniquely identify them (directly or indirectly)
• multifactor authentication (MFA): A method of user authentication which requires the user to present multiple pieces of evidence in multiple categories (such as knowledge and possession)
• symmetric encryption: A technique for encrypting data where the same key is used to both encrypt and decrypt data
• cookie: A small amount of text that tracks information about a user visiting a website
• virus: A type of computer malware that can make copies of itself
• phishing: An attack where a user is tricked into revealing private information, often via a deceptive email
• rogue access point: A wireless access point that provides an attacker with unauthorized access to the traffic going over the network