NETWORK TOPOLOGIES

• Topology is also known as Layout, the arrangement of nodes of a computer network. It involves:

  Physical - placement of various nodes

  Logical - data flow
• a.) Bus Topology - transmitted over a common transmission medium. The address of the intended receiving machine travels from a source machine in both directions to all machines connected until it finds the intended recipient.
• b.) Ring Topology - circular loop where the data travels in one direction (unidirectional). It has two connections included, referring to the Peer-to-Peer LAN Topology.
• c.) Star Topology - connected to a central node called Hub or Switch that controls the data flow. If one device fails, the rest of the network is unaffected but if the central hub fails, the whole network goes shut down.
• d.) Mesh Topology - directly connected to every other nodes in the network; indicates fault tolerant and reliability of its overall performance in the computer system with the additional detail of reducing or minimizing the traffic problem.
• e.) Tree Topology - presents with Bus Topology and Star Topology. It is capable for large networks and allows for easy expansion.
• f.) Hybrid Topology - combination of all topologies in the computer system. It is flexible, customized based on the network's specific needs.