Rizal PACKET 4

• An “observation” doesn’t imply that you observed it.
• Don Francisco sends Jose Rizal to Ateneo de Manila for further education

  June, 1872
• Ateneo Municipal


  • Known for offering the best education for boys, managed by Jesuit priests, with religious instruction and strict discipline
• Former names of Ateneo Municipal

  Escuela Pia
• Rizal's education at Ateneo Municipal

  Pursuing a six-year Bachiller en Artes program
• Bachiller en Artes


  Bachelor of Arts degree, the qualification for Filipinos to pursue higher education at a university during the Spanish colonial period
• Receives the Bachelor of Arts degree with "sobresaliente" (outstanding) honors

  March 23, 1877
• Rizal earned five medals
• Notable Priest-Professors at Ateneo

  • Father Francisco de Paula Sanchez - Considered Rizal's best professor, known for his uprightness and care
  • Don Agustin Saez - Guided Rizal in drawing and painting
  • Romualdo de Jesus: Filipino sculptor who instructed Rizal
• Rizal developed his talents in poetry, gymnastics, painting, and sculpture while at Ateneo
• Rizal took a course in Philosophy and Letters at University of Santo Tomas (UST)


  1877
• Reasons why Rizal took Philosophy and Letters

  • Following his father's advice
  • Undecided career path
• Rizal's studies at Ateneo

  Pursuing a vocational course in land surveying and assessment
• Rizal passed the licensing examination for land surveying (granted his license at 1881)


  May, 1878
• Perito Agrimensor


  Expert surveyor
• Jose changed course and enrolled in Medicine at UST

  1878-1882
• Reason for changing to Medicine

  To help his mother's failing eyesight
• Rizal did not finish his Philosophy and Letters course at UST, he only studied there for one year (1877-1878)
• Fr. Pablo Ramon's advice


  Advised Rizal to take Medicine
• Rizal stopped attending classes at University of Sto, Tomas due to discrimination and outdated teaching method
• Discrimination


  Experiences prejudice from Dominican professors against Filipino students
• Outdated Teaching Methods


  Rizal felt the instruction was obsolete and repressive
• Rizal and Paciano made a secret pact to travel to Europe for further medical studies and prepare for potentially liberating the Philippines
• Reasons for "secret pact"

  • Avoiding Detection by Authorities
  • Secret Mission
• Rizal left for Spain "Secret Departure"


  May 3, 1882
• Rizal made several stops on his way to Madrid, including Singapore, Colombo, Aden, Naples, and Barcelona
• Met Consuelo Ortiga y Rey


  September 16, 1882
• Consuelo Ortiga y Rey


  Daughter of a prominent Filipino figure in Spain, object of Rizal's affection for a time
• Enrolled in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters at Universidad Central de Madrid


  November 3, 1882
• Differences between Rizal's Philosophy and Letters course at UST and in Europe

  • Focus and Curriculum
  • Instructional Style
  • Exposure to Social and Political Thought
  • Personal Motivation
• Earns the degree of Licentiate in Medicine at age 23


  June 21, 1884
• Grade for Licentiate in Medicine

  Fair, due to low UST grades
• Delivered a daring speech (Brindis Speech) that caused controversy


  June, 1884
• Content of Brindis Speech

  Expressed frustrations with Spanish colonial rule, criticized lack of education and representation for Filipinos, called for reforms
• Controversy of Brindis Speech


  Seen as radical by some Filipinos, caused concern among Rizal's family and friends
• Rizal's hunger and lack of breakfast that day are sometimes mentioned as contributing factors to the boldness of his speech
• Participates in student protests at the university

  November, 1884
• Reason for student protests

  Excommunication of Dr. Miguel Morayta, a professor who advocated for academic freedom
• Took additional courses towards a Doctor of Medicine degree, but not awarded due to missing fees and thesis

  1884-1885
• Receives the degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters with "excellent" (Sobresaliente) honors on his 24th birthday

  June 19, 1885