layers of skin

• 1. Stratum corneum; horney layer
  2. Stratum lucidum; clear layer
  3. Stratum granulosum; layer w/ granules
  4. Stratum spinosum; prickly appearance
  5. Stratum germinativum; cells continuously divide
• Stratum Germinativum consists of stratum and spinosum layers where new cells are germinated.
• Eleidin are droplets of translucent substance found in stratum lucidum.
• Keratin is found in flat, dead cells of the stratum corneum.
• Keratin serves as a barrier against light or bacteria.
• Melanin is found in basale and spinosum layers responsible for skin color and varies from pale yellow to black.
• Melanin is synthesized by cells called melanocytes and serves a vital protection function.
• Vitiligo discoloration is a type of skin disease that causes melanin in bioches.
• Vitiligo discoloration happens when melanocytes die or stop working.
• Carotene is found in corneum and fatty areas of the dermis in oriental people and together with melanin accounts for the yellowish hue of their skin.
• Dermis is made up of CT containing collagenous and elastic fibers.
• Papillary layer is ⅕ thickness of the total dermis and contains small fingerlike projections called Dermal Papillae.
• Meissner’s corpuscles are sensitive to light touch.
• Pacinian corpuscles are sensitive to deep pressure.
• Reticular layer is a dense, irregular, collagenous layer containing many blood vessels.
• Superficial fascia consists of subcutaneous tissues, made up of areolar and adipose tissues, attached to underlying tissues and organs.
• Epidermal derivative; hair or pilus function; protection.
• Hair follicle surrounds the root of the hair.
• Bulb is an onion-shaped structure; enlarged based on each follicle.
• Sebaceous glands are connected to hair follicles and secrete an oily substance (sebum); mixture of fats, cholesterol, proteins, and inorganic salts.
• Sudoriferous glands are numerous in the skin of palms and soles and produce perspiration or sweat for thermoregulation.
• Ceruminous Glands secrete a substance called CERUMEN; it lubricates the ear canal and eardrum membrane.
• Deep describes a position farther from the surface of the body.
• Posterior (dorsal) describes the back or direction toward the back of the body.
• Parasagittal plane divides the body into unequal right and left sides.
• The sagittal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ vertically into right and left sides.
• The hallux is the medial toe.
• Anterior (Ventral) cavity consists of two main subdivisions: the Thoracic cavity and the Abdominopelvic Cavity.
• Elements are composed of one or more unique pure substances.
• The frontal plane is the plane that divides the body or an organ into an anterior (front) portion and a posterior (rear) portion.
• Proximal describes a position in a limb that is nearer to the point of attachment or the trunk of the body.
• THERAPEUTIC is the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of disease and the action of remedial agents.
• An organ system is a group of organs that work together to perform a major function.
• Anterior (ventral) refers to the front or direction toward the front of the body.
• DIAGNOSIS is the process of determining which disease or condition explains a person's symptoms and signs.
• Medial describes the middle or direction toward the middle of the body.
• Superior (cranial) position is above or higher than another part of the body proper.
• Inferior (caudal) describes a position below or lower than another part of the body proper; near or toward the tail (in humans, the coccyx, or lowest part of the spinal column).
• An organ is a distinct structure of the body composed of two or more tissue types.
• A molecule is two or more atoms combine to form.