principles of teaching

• Problem Base Learning (PBL) is an example of this approach.
• PBL is the learning that involves processing of work towards understanding.
• Principles of Teaching: Approach is a set of assumptions that define beliefs and theories about the nature of the learner and the process of learning.
• Method is an overall plan for systematic presentation of a lesson upon a selected approach.
• Strategy is a long term plan of action.
• Technique are specific activities manifested in the classroom that are consistent with a method and therefore in harmony with an approach.
• Peculiar style of the teacher is a unique characteristic of the teacher.
• The Teaching Approaches of the Subjects in the K to 12 Curriculum are learner-centered, inclusive, developmentally appropriate, responsive and relevant, research-based, culture-sensitive, contextualized and global, constructivist, inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative, and integrative.
• The curriculum shall use the spiral progression approach to ensure mastery of knowledge and skills after each level.
• The curriculum shall be reflective enough to enable and allow schools to localize, indigenize and enhance the same based on their respective educational and social context.
• The Teaching Approaches to the K to 12 based on Section 5 are learner-centered, inclusive, developmentally appropriate, responsive and relevant, research-based, culture-sensitive, contextualized and global, constructivist, inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative, and integrative.
• David Krathwol's Affective Domain includes Receiving, Responding, Valuing, Organization, and Characterization.
• Placebo Effect is the phenomenon where a fake treatment, inactive substance such as sugar, can sometimes improve a performance.
• Student Problem Types based on Teacher Descriptions include Distractible, Underachiever, Low Achiever, Withdrawn, Defiant, and Rejected by Peers.
• Individuals modify their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed, a phenomenon known as the Hawthorne Effect.
• Anita Harlow's Psychomotor Domain includes Reflex movement, Basic Fundamental movement, Perceptual abilities, and Physical Activities.
• Group Management Approach includes Ripple Effect, With-it-ness, Pygmalion Effect/Rosenthal Effect, Hawthorne Effect, John Henry Effect, and Placebo Effect.
• Halo Effect is a cognitive bias in which the observer's overall impression of a person influences the observer's feelings and thoughts.
• Group Managerial Approach, based on Jacob Kounin's research, emphasizes the importance of responding immediately to group student behavior that might be inappropriate.
• John Henry Effect is the phenomenon where a group that gets no intervention, compares themselves to other group and through extra effort, gets better performance.
• Jastrow's Effect is the phenomenon where an explicit expectation to change output is very specific expectation.
• Cooperative Learning is a learning atmosphere that is more favorable when students work together rather than compete and work against one another.
• The curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches that are constructivist, inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative and integrative.
• The curriculum shall adhere to the principles and framework of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE).
• The curriculum shall use the spiral progression approach to develop or teach the same concepts from one grade level to next in increasing complexity.
• Interdisciplinary Approach: teaching allows students to study one subject from multiple perspectives.
• Teacher-Centered Approach is one where activity in the class is centered on the teacher.
• Banking Approach - Students as containers into which knowledge is deposited by teachers; Its sound like a bank deposit transaction.
• Total Physical Response (TPR) begins by placing primary importance on listening comprehension, emulating the early stages of mother tongue acquisition, and then moving to speaking, reading, and writing.
• Interactive Approach - In this approach, an interactive classroom will have more student talk and less teacher talk.
• Intradisciplinary Approach: approach is a style of education that incorporates knowledge and skills from multiple areas of learning.
• The Silent Way is the theoretical basis of Gattegno that teaching must be subordinated to learning and thus, students must develop their own inner criteria for correctness.
• Student/ Learners Centered Approach - This approach is contracts to the teacher-centered because learners is also important source of information and capable of sharing something.
• Subject Matter Centered Approach - The oldest, and perhaps most obvious way to organize curriculum.
• Disciplinary Approach - approaches involve a single content area and limit the teacher to discuss his/her boundary to the subject.
• Teacher-Dominated Approach - All or most classroom activity and talking are done by the teacher while students are passive recipients, it means the teacher prescribes and tells what learners should do in the class.
• Constructivist Approach - Students are expected to construct knowledge and meaning out for what they are taught by connecting them to the prior experience.
• Integrated Approach - Approach to teaching combines many subjects into single lessons.
• Transdisciplinary Approach: Approach that integrates and connect the subject area in real life experiences.
• All four skills reading, writing, speaking, and listening are taught from the beginning in Community Language Learning (CLL).