Isotopes

• What are isotopes?

  Atoms of the same element with different neutrons
• Why are deuterium and tritium heavier than protium?

  They have more neutrons than protium
• What do isotopes of an element have in common?

  They have the same atomic number
• How many neutrons does tritium have?

  Two neutrons
• What does the mass number represent in isotope notation?

  Protons plus neutrons
• How many neutrons does deuterium have?

  One neutron
• How do isotopes differ from each other?

  They have different numbers of neutrons
• What are the isotopes of hydrogen and their characteristics?

  • ¹H (Protium): 1 proton, 0 neutrons
  • ²H (Deuterium): 1 proton, 1 neutron
  • ³H (Tritium): 1 proton, 2 neutrons
• What is the significance of mass numbers in isotopes?

  Mass numbers differ due to varying neutrons
• Where is the element symbol located in isotope notation?

  At the center
• What is the atomic number of hydrogen isotopes?

  1, as they all have 1 proton
• What does the atomic number represent in isotope notation?

  Number of protons
• What are the mass numbers of the hydrogen isotopes Protium, Deuterium, and Tritium?

  1, 2, and 3 respectively
• How many protons does each hydrogen isotope have?

  All have one proton
• How many protons does Carbon-12 have?

  6 protons
• How do the mass numbers of hydrogen isotopes differ?

  They differ due to varying neutron counts
• What is one application of isotopes?

  Carbon-14 dating
• What is a use of radioactive isotopes in medicine?

  Medical imaging
• How does ⁶⁰Co help in cancer treatment?

  It destroys cancer cells through radiotherapy
• What is the role of ²³⁵U in nuclear power?

  It is used for nuclear fission
• How many neutrons does Uranium-238 have?

  146 neutrons
• Which isotopes are used in medical imaging?

  ¹³¹I and ¹⁸F
• What are the three isotopes of hydrogen?

  • Protium
  • Deuterium
  • Tritium
• What are the main applications of isotopes?

  • Carbon-14 dating for artifacts
  • Medical imaging with ¹³¹I and ¹⁸F
  • Nuclear power using ²³⁵U
  • Cancer treatment with ⁶⁰Co
  • Industrial tracing in pipelines
• In what process is Carbon-13 used?

  Carbon dating
• Why is the notation for isotopes important?

  It distinguishes between isotopes of the same element
• What does nuclear fission produce?

  Energy
• Which isotope is used in cancer treatment?

  ⁶⁰Co
• What is unique about Uranium-235 compared to Uranium-238?

  Uranium-235 is fissile
• What are the chemical and physical properties of isotopes?

  • Chemical properties: Same for all isotopes
  • Physical properties: Differ due to neutron count
• What is the isotope used in thyroid scans?

  ¹³¹I
• Why do isotopes have different physical properties?

  They have different numbers of neutrons
• Which isotope is used in Carbon-14 dating?

  ¹⁴C
• What is the atomic number of Uranium-235?

  92 protons
• What is the primary use of Uranium-235?

  Used in nuclear power
• What determines an isotope?

  Number of neutrons in an atom
• What is industrial tracing used for?

  To monitor processes in pipelines
• How does Carbon-14 dating work?

  It uses the decay of ¹⁴C to determine age
• How do isotopes differ from each other?

  By the number of neutrons they contain
• What is the notation used to represent isotopes?

  Mass number on top, atomic number on bottom