Balancing Equations

Cards (22)

  • What does the law of conservation of mass state?
    No atoms are lost or made in reactions
  • Why do atoms join together in different ways during a chemical reaction?
    To form products from reactants
  • What is the result of a balanced equation?
    Equal number of atoms on both sides
  • What is produced when sodium reacts with chlorine?
    Sodium chloride
  • What is produced when potassium reacts with fluorine?
    Potassium fluoride
  • If 4.6g of sodium reacts with chlorine, what is the mass of sodium chloride produced?
    11.7g of sodium chloride
  • If 26.0g of potassium reacts with fluorine, what is the mass of potassium fluoride produced?
    19.3g of potassium fluoride
  • What does it mean that the total mass of products equals the total mass of reactants?
    No atoms are lost or made in reactions
  • How can you add more atoms in a balanced equation?
    By adding whole compounds in front
  • What should you not do when balancing equations?
    You cannot mess with the chemical formulas
  • What is the balanced equation for sodium and fluorine reacting?
    2Na + 1F₂ → 2NaF
  • What is the balanced equation for magnesium and oxygen reacting?
    2Mg + O₂ → 2MgO
  • What is the balanced equation for ethane and oxygen reacting?
    2C₂H₆ + 9O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
  • What is the balanced equation for octane and oxygen reacting?
    2C₈H₁₈ + 15O₂16CO₂ + 10H₂O
  • What are state symbols and their purpose in chemical equations?
    • Indicate the state of matter
    • Help predict observable reactions
    • Common symbols: (s), (l), (g), (aq)
  • What is the general reaction for neutralization reactions?
    Acid + base → salt + water
  • What products are formed in a neutralization reaction involving a carbonate?
    Salt, water, and carbon dioxide
  • What ions do acids dissociate to form in solution?
    Hydrogen ions and anions
  • What is the dissociation of hydrochloric acid in solution?
    HCl(aq) → H⁺(aq) + Cl⁻(aq)
  • What ions do alkalis dissociate to form in solution?
    Hydroxide ions and metal cations
  • What are the common acids and their formulas?
    • Hydrochloric acid: HCl
    • Sulfuric acid: H₂SO₄
    • Nitric acid: HNO₃
    • Phosphoric acid: H₃PO₄
  • What are the common alkalis and their formulas?
    • Sodium hydroxide: NaOH
    • Calcium hydroxide: Ca(OH)₂
    • Potassium hydroxide: KOH
    • Ammonium hydroxide: NH₄OH