Female Reproductive System

• Myometrium - middle layer, composed of smooth muscle fibers that contract and relax to expel the fetus during labor.
• Endometrium - innermost layer, where the fertilized egg implants and where the fetus develops.
• The term "does not have any significant reproductive function" is mentioned.
• Egg cell production, also known as oogenesis, is a process that occurs in female organisms.
• Egg cells are stored in the ovaries until they are released in a process known as ovulation.
• All fertilization is done internally.
• Maintaining the necessary conditions for fertilization to occur prepares the body for pregnancy.
• Hormone production signals the body to prepare for puberty or triggers the changes that happen in preparation for pregnancy.
• Pregnancy is triggered by the female reproductive system’s release of signals.
• The vagina is an elastic, muscular canal that connects the external reproductive system to the cervix.
• The vagina is made up of connective, fibrous, and epithelial tissues.
• The vagina receives the penis and sperm during sexual intercourse and passes blood during menstruation.
• The vagina is the passageway of the body during delivery, also known as the birth canal.
• The pH of the vagina is acidic to protect the vagina from pathogens like bacteria or fungi.
• Alteration of the vagina’s pH by certain bacteria like lactobacillus acidophilus, which is mutualistic with humans, is beneficial.
• The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus that holds the fetus during pregnancy and expands once the baby is ready to be born.
• The cervix contains cervical mucus which facilitates the transport and nourishment of sperm to aid in fertilization.
• The cervix serves as an indicator of a woman’s fertility.
• The uterus is a hollow muscular organ that lies between the urinary bladder and rectum.
• The uterus has a very soft lining that holds the fertilized egg and nurtures it until it becomes a fetus.
• The lining of the uterus thickens and sheds during the different parts of the menstrual cycle.
• The uterine wall layers are Perimetrium (outermost layer, provides support to the entire organ), Myometrium (middle layer, composed of smooth muscle fibers that contract and relax to expel the fetus during labor), and Endometrium (innermost layer, where the fertilized egg implants and where the fetus develops).
• Fallopian tubes connect the ovaries to the uterus, are narrow 10 cm tubes, and transport the egg cell properly to the uterus.
• Urethral orifice is found in between the clitoris and the vagina, serves as the opening for the urethra (exit point for urine), and is also known as urethral orifice.
• Vaginal orifice is the outer opening of the vagina, contains hymen, a thin layer of membrane that serves to protect the vagina, and is also known as vaginal orifice.
• Peristalsis refers to wave-like motions that aid the movement of the egg cell.
• Endometrium is the innermost layer of the uterus, maintaining the structural integrity and usually shedding off during the secretory phase.
• Myometrium is the middle layer of the uterus, containing smooth cells and responsible for uterine contractions.
• Ovaries produce female sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, and a female baby has around 70,000 immature egg cells in each ovaries.
• The Mons Pubis is a layer of fat that covers part of the pubic bones, contains glands that are capable of secreting pheromones, and is also known as mons.
• Labia majora encloses and protects all the external reproductive organs, contains sweat glands and oil-secreting glands, and is also known as labia majora.
• Labia minora surrounds the openings of the vagina and urethra, protects the vaginal and urethral openings, and is also known as labia minora.
• Clitoris is a small, sensitive protrusion at which the two labia minora meet, and is also known as clitoris.
• Fallopian tubes contain ciliated and non-ciliated columnary cells, with ciliated cells propelling the egg cells to the uterus during ovulation and non-ciliated cells producing secretions to aid the ciliated cells with propulsion.