Chemical tests

• How do you test for chlorine?

  damp blue lithmus paper, turns white if chlorine present
• How do you test for carbon dioxide?

  bubble gas through limewater, if CO2 present, limewater goes from colourless to cloudy
• How do you test for oxygen?

  place glowing splint in gas jar, if oxygen present glowing splint with relight
• How do you test for hyrdogen?

  lit splint in gas if hydrogen present squeaky pop sound
• What colour does the flame go if lithium is present?

  red
• What colour does the flame go if sodium is present?

  yellow
• What colour does the flame go if potassium is present?

  lilac
• What colour does the flame go if calcium is present?

  orange-red
• What colour does the flame go if copper is present?

  blue-green
• How do you test for carbonate ions?

  fill 1/3 of test tube with hydrochloric acid, set up delivery tube an bubble gas through test tube with limewater, add calcium carbonate
• What are the observations if carbonate is present?

  effervescence, limewater goes cloudy
• What is the equation for the test for carbonate?

  CaCO3 + 2HCl -> CaCl2 + CO2 + H20
• How do you test for chloride, bromide and iodide?

  fill 1/4 test tube with solution, add equal amount of dilute nitric acid, add 2-4 drops of aqueous solver nitrate
• What is the colour of precipitate if chloride is present?

  white
• What colour is the precipitate is bromide is present?

  cream
• What is the colour of the precipitate if iodide is present?

  yellow
• How do you test for sulfate ions?

  fill 1/4 test tube with sodium sulphate, add equal amount of dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid, add 2-4 drops of barium chloride, will form white precipitate
• How do you test for ammonium?

  add ammonium ion into test tube, add equal amount of sodium hydroxide, warm gently and test for any gas with damp red litmus
• how do you test for Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+?

  add solution and sodium hydroxide to test tube
• What will you see if Cu2+ is present?

  blue gelatinous precipitate
• What will you see if Fe2+ is present?

  green gelatinous
• What will you see if Fe3+ is present?

  orange brown gelatinous