Computer Hardware

• Two types of computer Hardware

  Software

  Hardware
• The intangible components of a computer. It refers to the program that runs on your computer, providing instructions on what to do and when to execute the instructions.

  Software
• It refers to the physical or “tangible” components of a computer that store and run the instructions provided by the software.

  Hardware
• 3 units of computer hardware

  CPU (Central Processing Unit)

  Memory

  Input and output Devices
• 2 types of Computer Hardware

  Internal and External
• The computer's internal and external components that are used for input, output, storage, communication, and processing.

  Hardware
• It refers to computer systems that are made up of different types of components (equipment) needed to process data and used to connect with other hardware devices.

  Internal Hardware Devices
• Example of internal hardware

  1. Motherboard
  2. RAM
  3. Hard Disk
  4. SSD
  5. CPU
• Example of external Hardware

  1. Mouse
  2. Keyboard
  3. Monitor
  4. Printer
  5. Speaker
• Motherboard - primary circuit board and foundation of a computer. It allocates power and allow the CPU, RAM, and other computer components to connect and control. (Sira ng computer mo)
• Sound Card - part of an internal hardware that generates sound on the computer that can be heard through headphones and speaker
• Video Card - piece of hardware inside the computer that helps display visual information such as images and videos
• Hard Drive - main purpose is to store any type of data (images, videos, text, digital content made or downlaod
• Parts of the hard drive

  1. Base Plate
  2. Spindle Motor
  3. Platters
  4. Pivot
  5. Read/write head
  6. VCM actuator
  7. IDE Connector
• Central Processing Unit (CPU) - the brain of the computer. Its task is to process and handle all the received instructions from the hardware and software components of the computer.
• Heat sink - device that has the purpose of cooling/reducing temperature of hardware components (ang may fan beh)
• Types of Heat sink

  1. Active - uses the power supply of an electronic device to connect to a fan in order to actively divert heat away from the components.
  2. Passive - It has no mechanical parts and is made from an aluminum finned radiator that dissipates heat via natural convection.
• Power Supply - provides power supply (dzuh) to all the components/parts of the computer or electrical device.
• Ports - a hole or connection that allows computer to access external devices.
• External Hardware of computer - physical components of the computer that are visible from the outside.
• 2 types of External Hardware of Computer

  1. Input Devices
  2. Output Devices
• microprocessor - integrated circuit that contains all the functions of CPU in a computer. Perform the functions of a digital computer’s central processing unit. This kind of integrated circuit can interpret and execute program instructions as well as handle arithmetic operations.
• Memory - Stores information, such as data and programs for immediate use in the computer. An electronic component holding place for the instructions and data a computer needs to reach quickly.
• 2 types of computer memory

  1. Primary Memory
  2. Secondary Memory
• Primary memory - type of memory is located on microchips that are physically close to a computer's microprocessor. The term memory is used as a synonym for primary memory or as an abbreviation for RAM.
• Secondary Memory - Consists of all permanent or persistent storage devices such as ROM, flash drives, hard disk drives (HDD), magnetic tapes, and other types of internal/external storage media.
• Memory is volatile.
• • Since memory is only temporary, once a computing device is turned off, the data stored in volatile memory will automatically be deleted. However, when a file is saved, it will be sent to secondary memory for storage.
• RAM - Random Access Memory
• CPU - Central Processing Unit
• ROM - Read-Only Memory
• Random Access Memory (RAM) - short term memory. It is where the data is stored that your computer processor needs to run your application and open your files.
• Read-Only Memory ROM - Receives data and permanently writes it on a chip, and it lasts even after you turn off your computer.
• EEPROM - Electrically erasable program read only memory
• Electrically Erasable Program Read Only Memory - Enables individual bytes of data to be erased and reprogrammed.
• Storage - may refer both to the user's data generally and, more specifically, to the integrated hardware and software systems used to capture, manage and prioritize the data.
• Data Storage - collective methods and technologies that capture and retain digital information on electromagnetic, optical or silicon- based storage media. Preserve information ranging from personal photos to business-critical information.
• Two basic categories of data storage equipmet

  1. Direct area storage/direct-attached storage (DAS)
  2. Network-based storage
• Direct area storage/Direct-attached storage (DAS) - storage that connects without passing through a network to a computer. Both internal and external connections are possible for the storage. This device includes floppy disks, optical discs-compact discs (CD) and digital video discs (DVDs)- Hard disk drives (HDD), flash drives and solid-state drives (SDD).
• Network-based storage - enables multiple computers to access it via a network. Under neto is NAS and SAN