working memory model

• Who developed the working memory model?


  Baddeley & Hitch (1974)
• How does the working memory model differ from the multi-store model?

  Believed the multi-store model was too simplistic - ltm/stm is not just one store
• What are the components of the working memory model?

  • Central Executive
  • Phonological loop

  Articulatory control system

  Phonological store

  • Episodic buffer
  • Visuospatial sketch pad
• Outline the main purpose of the central executive

  • Determines how resources/sensory experience are allocated to slave systems
  • Makes decisions about what deserves attention/to be ignored
  • Involves reasoning + decision-making
• What is the capacity of the central executive?

  Limited/very small
• What is the capacity of the phonological loop?

  2 seconds worth of words
• What is the capacity of the visuospatial sketchpad?

  3-4 objects
• What is the capacity of the episodic buffer?

  4-5 chunks
• How is the central executive coded?

  Modality specific - not limited to ones sense as needs to manipulate all manner of info
• How is the visuospatial sketchpad coded?

  Visual
• How is the phonological loop coded?

  Acoustic
• How is the episodic buffer coded?

  Modality specific - not limited to ones sense as needs to manipulate all manner of info
• Outline the main purpose of the episodic buffer

  • A general store added in 2000 as an 'overflow' system for the central executive as it has very small capacity
  • Integrates all info in all slave systems and links them
  • Buffer storage system
• Outline the main purpose of the visuospatial sketch pad

  • Visual and/or spatial info

  Visual = what you see

  Spatial = relationships between things

  • Logie: subdivision = visuo-cache store + inner scribe for spatial relations
• Outline the main purpose of the phonological loop

  • Auditory info + preserves word order - inner ear

  Articulatory system = holds words heard/seen + silently repeated like inner force as a form of maintenance rehearsal

  Phonological store = holds words stored
• What are the two components of the phonological loop?

  • Articulatory control system
  • Phonological store
• What is a slave system?

  Short-term memory storage systems that are dedicated to interpreting specific info

  • Visuospatial sketch pad / Episodic buffer/ Phonological loop

  Different types of slave systems can be used at same time but the same one cannot be used simultaneously