fuels

• what is a fuel?

  A substance that is burned to produce energy.
• what is a biofuel?

  Renewable fuel made from organic matter, such as plants or animal waste.
• what is an example of a fuel?

  coal, crude oil and natural gas.
• what are examples of biofuels?

  bioethanol, biogas and biodiesel.
• Coal seam gas can be best described as?

  a mixture of small hydrocarbon compounds.
• Fossil fuels take approximately?

  1 000 000+ years to be replaced.
• Biogas is mainly composed of methane and is a renewable energy source.
• what is a renewable energy resource?

  An energy resource that can be replaced by natural processes within a relatively short time
• what type of chemical reaction is Transesterification?

  Esterification
• whats a byproduct of Transesterification?

  Glycerol
• what are renewable energy resources?

  Ethanol, methane, diesel
• Compared to fats and oils and carbohydrates, proteins contain?

  more energy than carbohydrates but less energy than fats per gram.
• Cellular respiration and photosynthesis both require?

  water
• Photosynthesis in plants occurs when light energy is?

  absorbed
• glucose is?

  organic
• What is the name of the process by which animal cells release the energy stored in the bonds of sugars?

  (Cellular) respiration
• what is the law of conservation?

  According to the law of conservation, energy can neither be created nor destroyed. It may only change its form.
• what is the most common type of energy to be realesed or absorbed by the "system"?

  Heat or Thermal energy.
• what is an exothermic reaction?

  A reaction that releases heat. (And the total energy of the products is less than the total energy of the reactants).
• what is an endothermic reaction?

  A reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings. (And the total energy of the products is greater than the total energy of reactants).
• how would a tube with an exothermic reaction feel?

  Hot.
• how would a tube with an endothermic reaction feel?

  Cold
• in an exothermic reaction, what will the "Hp", "Hr", and "Htriangle" be?

  the "Hp"than will be less than the "Hr" and will result in a negative "Htriangle"
• in an endothermic reaction, what will the "Hp", "Hr", and "Htriangle" be?

  the "Hp" will be greater than the "Hr" and will result in a positive "Htriangle"
• what is activation energy?

  the energy that must be absorbed to break the bonds in reactants so that a chemical reaction can proceed.
• when you double the coefficients of an equation you must?

  you must double the "Htriangle" as well
• what is a limiting reactant?

  The reactant that is completely consumed in a chemical reaction and limits the amount of product that can be formed.
• what is the name of the reaction in which a triglyceride is broken down to form biodiesel molecules?

  Transesterification
• Thermochemical equations must include both a balanced chemical equation and a value of the enthalpy change (ΔH) during the reaction.
• When a fuel undergoes complete combustion under SLC, the enthalpy change (ΔH) for the reaction in kJ mol−1 will be equal to the molar heat of combustion of the fuel (kJ mol−1), regardless of any coefficients in front of the fuel. Combustion reactions are always exothermic and involve a net release of energy, so the sign will be negative.
• Complete combustion occurs when oxygen is in excess. Carbon dioxide gas and water are the only products of complete combustion reactions.
• In an exothermic reaction the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is less than the energy released when bonds are formed in the products.
• what is the only molecule that can have fractional coefficients in VCE chemistry?

  oxygen
• what is a fuel?

  a substance which produces energy as a result of a chemical reaction
• chemical reactions caused by decomposition initiate the transformation of decaying plant and marine creatures into hydrocarbons
• Petrol is a fossil fuel (non-renewable) that is found underground and is fractionally distilled from crude oil
• Transesterification reaction?


  when a methanol and catalyst is added
• What is the name of the process by which animal cells release the energy stored in the bonds of sugars?

  cellular respiration
• The change in E in this diagram is?

  the activation energy for the reverse reaction

  
• solid carbon is?


  soot