IT7

• A computer system is made up of various components. The components can be hardware or software.
• Modern computer systems have a layered organization, which each layer either using the services of, or being physically built from, entities on the level directly below it
• Layer: Application Pragrams People: Application Programmers

  main domain: hardware
• Layer: Application Pragrams People: Application Programmers main domain: hardware
• Layer: Application Pragrams People: Application Programmers main domain: ware
• Layer: Application Pragrams People: Application Programmers main domain: hardware
• Layer: System Utility Programs People: System Programmers

  Domain: Software
• Layer: System Utility Programs People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: System Utility Programs People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: Operating System

  People: System Programmers

  Domain: Software
• Layer: Operating System People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: Operating System People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: Operating System People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: I/O system(BIOS)

  People: System Programmers

  Domain: Software
• Layer: I/O system(BIOS) People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: I/O system(BIOS) People: System Programmers Domain: Software
• Layer: Computer System

  People: Computer Engineers Main Domain: Hardware
• Layer: Computer System People: Computer Engineers Main Domain: Hardware
• Layer: Computer System People: Computer Engineers Main Domain: Hardware
• Layer: CPU

  People: Computer Architects

  Domain: Hardware
• Layer: CPU People: Computer Architects Domain: Hardware
• Layer: CPU People: Computer Architects Domain: Hardware
• Layer: Memories, Logic, circuits, flip- flops, gate People: Logic designers Murag wala na domain: hardware
• Layer: Memories, Logic, circuits, flip- flops, gate People: Logic designers Domain: hardware
• Layer: Memories, Logic, circuits, flip- flops, gate

  People: Logic designers

  Domain: hardware
• Layer: Transistors, diodes, resistors, power supplies People: Materials scientist​s Domain : hardware
• Layer: Transistors, diodes, resistors, power supplies People: Materials scientist​s Domain : hardware
• Layer: Transistors, diodes, resistors, power supplies People: Materials scientist​s Domain : hardware
• The computer systems we build today feature programmable processing units which interact with a number of devices, each controlled by an I/O controller, and using memory.
• Each CPU can have one or more cores
• There may be additional kinds of processors, including GPUs and TPUs.
• Memory itself is layered (cache memory, main memory, secondary memory).
• Machines themselves are networked, giving the appearance of one large machine made up of smaller ones.
• Devices are roughly classified into input devices, output devices and storage devices.
• What are input devices?

  • Keyboard

  • Mouse

  • Light Pen

  • Joystick

  • Joyswitch

  • Trackball

  • Tablet

  • Track Pad

  • Surface

  • Digitizer

  • Microphone

  • Voice Recognizer

  • Scanner

  • Fingerprint Scanner

  • Card Reader

  • Paddle

  • Game Controller

  • Data Glove

  • Wand

  • Video Camera

  • Eye Tacker

  • Motion Sensor
• What are examples of Output Devices?

  • Screen

  • Television

  • Printer (2D or 3D)

  • ​Plotter

  • ​Film Recorder

  • Projector

  • Hologram Generator

  • Robot Arm

  • Speaker

  • ​Headphones

  • Voice Synthesizer

  • Card Punch
• Storage Devices • Disk Drive

  • CD Drive

  • DVD Drive • USB Flash Drive

  • Solid State Drive (SSD)

  • Tape Drive
• 3 types of devices?

  • Output Devices

  • Input Devices

  • Storage Devices
• Software can be roughly divided into systems software and applications software. The dividing line is fuzzy, but the basic concepts are:​
• Written for computers

  • Systems