Amount of Substances

    Cards (60)

    • Mole calculation for solids:
      mass/Mr
    • Mole calculation for gas at RTP:
      volume/24
    • Equation for gas at RTP:
      PV=nRT
    • Mole calculation for solutions:
      concentration x volume
    • The unit for Mr:
      g/mol
    • The unit for mass:
      g
    • The unit for concentration:
      mol/dm^3
    • The unit for volume:
      dm^3
    • The unit for volume in PV=nRT:
      m^3
    • The unit for temperature in PV=nRT:
      K
    • The unit for pressure in PV=nRT:
      Pa
    • 1 ml = 1 cm^3
    • 1 L = 1000 cm^3
    • What is the value of R in PV=nRT?
      8.314
    • 1 tonne = 10^6 grams
    • 1 milligram = 1/1000 grams
    • . H20 means that its a hydrated salt
    • Define Hydrated salts:
      The crystals contain water
    • Define Anhydrous salts:
      The crystals do not contain water
    • The excess reagent's mole is the limiting reagent's mole and more
      "Can the value of the calculator go into the mole? if yes= excess, no=limiting
    • State the reasons for a low percentage yield:
      • the reaction is reversible
      • some products are lost
      • other reactions have taken place
    • Include MR (molar ratio) in percentage atom economy when calculating Mr
    • Define the Percentage Yield:
      compares the amount produced to the amount you should get
    • Define the Atom Economy:
      the proportion of the mass of all the products that is the desired product
    • In a good reaction, the by-products weighs less than the desired product
    • In reacting gas volumes:
      treat the volumes as ratios and find the limiting reagent
      To find left over gas: excess gas volume - reacted gas volume
      In finding the final gas volume of mixture of products:
      use the left over gas and the products
    • If the empirical ratio is 1:1 use their oxidation numbers
    • Always round to 3 significant figures
    • If a substance is a precipitate, it's a solid state
    • Formula for finding the concentration in gdm3gdm^-3:
      Mr x moles/ volume
    • Define Relative Atomic Mass:
      The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 th of the mass of a carbon-12 atom
    • When a substance is burning, add oxygen to it in the chemical equation
    • Write the general formulas for the metals when undergoing thermal decomposition.
      1. metal nitrate → metal nitrate + oxygen
      2. metal nitrate → metal oxide + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen
      3. metal nitrate → metal + nitrogen dioxide + oxygen
      4. metal carbonate → metal oxide + carbon dioxide
      5. metal carbonate → metal + carbon dioxide + oxygen
      6. metal hydroxide → metal oxide + water
    • ammonia + nitric acid → ammonium nitrate
    • NH3 + HNO3 → NH4NO3
    • What is the general formula for metal hydrogencarbonate ( use x as the metal):
      xHCO3
    • Avogadro's constant:
      6.02 x 10^23
    • Formula for finding the number of particles/ molecules:
      moles x (6.02 x 10^23)
    • Formula to work out the mass of an atom:
      Mr / 6.022 x 10^23
    • Formula for working out the number of atom or ions :
      ( moles x 6.02 x 10^23 ) x number of elements / atoms