enzyme exam Q

• How does temperature affect enzyme activity? (3)

  Answer: Increased temperature increases kinetic energy, leading to more collisions. Above the optimum temperature, enzymes denature as the active site changes shape.
• Explain how pH affects enzyme activity. (2)

  Answer: pH changes disrupt ionic and hydrogen bonds, altering the enzymes shape and reducing substrate binding efficiency.
• How does substrate concentration affect enzyme activity? (3)

  Answer: Higher substrate concentration increases rate until all active sites are occupied (saturation point), beyond which the rate remains constant.
• Compare competitive and non-competitive inhibition. (3)

  Answer:

  • Competitive: Inhibitor binds to the active site, blocking the substrate.
  • Non-competitive: Inhibitor binds away from the active site, changing enzyme shape.
• How do enzymes exhibit specificity? (2)

  Answer: The active site has a specific shape complementary to the substrate, forming an enzyme-substrate complex