Definitions for whole topic

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Daisy

Cards (34)

What is the definition of Active Immunity?
A form of immunity provided by the immune response of the body upon detection of a pathogen
What is the definition of Active Transport?
The active movement of substances from a low concentration to a higher concentration (up their concentration gradient) with the use of energy in the form of ATP
What is the definition of Agglutination ?
The clumping together of cells or particles caused by antibodies which assists phagocytosis
What is the definition of antibody? 
a protein found in the blood that is produced by plasma cells which binds to antigens as a part of the immune response
What is the definition of antigen? 
marker molecules that can be detected by antibodies and trigger an immune response
What is the definition of binary fission? 
The method of cell division used by prokaryotes involving replication of the circular DNA and plasmids followed by cytoplasmic division
What is the definition of Cell Cycle? 
The series of stages preparing the cell for division consisting of interphase and mitosis
What is the definition of Cell-Surface Membrane? 
A phospholipid bilayer studded with proteins that surrounds cells and separates them from their environment
What is the definition of Cell Vacuole?
A membrane bound structure found in plant cells that contains cell sap
What is the definition of Cell Wall? 
A permeable layer that surrounds plant, algae and fungi cells made of polysaccharides which provides strength to the cell
What is the definition of chloroplast? 
An organelle found in plants and algae that is the site of photosynthesis
What is the definition of Clonal expansion? 
The production of many genetically identical daughter cells through cell division of the activated B or T lymphocyte after clonal selection
What is the definition of Co-transport? 
A method of membrane transport where two substances are both transported across a membrane at the same time either in the same direction or opposite directions
What is the definition of Clonal selection? 
The process of matching the antigens on an antigen presenting cells with the antigen receptors on B and T lymphocytes
What is the definition of Cytokinesis? 
Division of the cytoplasm to produce two new cells
What is the definition of Facilitated diffusion? 
The passive movement of substances from a high concentration to a lower concentration down their concentration gradient through transport proteins without the use of energy
What is the definition of flagella?
a whip-like structure found on bacterial cells that is used for cell movement
What is the definition of Fluid-mosaic Model?
A model that describes membrane structure as a sea of mobile phospholipids studded with various proteins
What is the definition of Golgi apparatus? 
An organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is involved in the modification and packaging of proteins
What is the definition of Helper T cell? 
A type of T cell in the immune system that stimulates cytotoxic T cells, B cells and phagocytes
What is the definition of Herd Immunity? 
A type of disease immunity that occurs when a large proportion of a population are vaccinated against a disease which prevents the spread of the disease to unvaccinated individuals
What is the definition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus / HIV? 
A virus that attacks T cells in the immune system and can lead to AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
What are Lysosomes?
Membrane-bound vesicles found in the cytoplasm that contain a hydrolytic enzyme called lysozyme
what is magnification?
how much bigger an image appears compared to the original object calculated using the formula : image = actual x mag
what is mitosis? 
the part of the cell cycle in which a eukaryotic cell divides to produce two daughter cells, each with identical copies of DNA
what are monoclonal antibodies?
identical antibodies that have beeen produced two daughter cells, each with identical copies of DNA
what is a nucleus? 
an organelle found in eukaryotic cells that stores the genetic information of the cell as chromosomes and is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear envelope
what is osmosis?
the passive diffusion of water molecules from a region of high water potential to a region of lower water potential , down a water potential gradient, through a partially permeable membrane without the use of energy
what is passive immunity?
a form of immunity provided by the introduction of antibodies to a disease into the body
what is phagocytoasis?
the process where phagocytes engulf and destroy material
what are plasmids? 
a circular loop of DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacterial cells
what is primary immune response?
the response produced by the immune system when it encounters a pathogen for the first time
what is resolutio? 
the ability to distinguish two different points in a specimen
what are ribosomes? 
Organelles found either free in the cytoplasm or membrane bound that are involved in the synthesis of proteins