Human development

• Investment in human capital formation is considered as efficient and growth enhancing.
• Health infrastructure and expenditure on migration can be considered as sources of human capital formation.
• There is a need for promoting women’s education in India.
• Physical capital is the base for conceptualising human capital.
• Human capital is formed through investments in education, on-the-job training, health, migration, and information.
• India is not going to be a knowledge-based economy in the near future.
• Government intervention in education and health sectors is necessary.
• Government organisations facilitate the functioning of schools and hospitals in India.
• Investment in education stimulates economic growth.
• On-the-job-training is necessary for a person.
• The data given in Table 4.2 can be interpreted as the contribution of an educated person to the cause of education.
• Information regarding education, health, and labour can be obtained from various sources such as government reports, annual reports of Union Ministries of Education and Health, and the Economic Survey.
• Education is considered to be an important input for the development of a nation.
• The Human Development Index is calculated by considering life expectancy, expected years of schooling, and adjusted real GDP per capita.
• Information relating to health and education expenditure is necessary for the effective utilisation of human resources.
• Human development is based on the idea that education and health are integral to human well-being because only when people have the ability to read and write and the ability to lead a long and healthy life, will they be able to make other choices which they value.
• The percentage of expenditure on education of the total government expenditure indicates the importance of education in the scheme of things for the government.
• The main problems of human capital formation in India are regional differences in educational attainment and high dropout rates.
• Education and health are very important sources of human capital formation.
• In the human development perspective, human beings are ends in themselves and human welfare should be increased through investments in education and health even if such investments do not result in higher labour productivity.
• The value of IT depends greatly on the existing level of economic development.
• Basic education and basic health are important in themselves, irrespective of their contribution to labour productivity.
• Government intervention is essential in education and health sectors as these services create both private and social benefits and private and public institutions exist in the education and health service markets.
• In India, the ministries of education at the union and state level, departments of education and various organisations like National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT), University Grants Commission (UGC) and All India Council of Technical Education (AICTE) facilitate institutions which come under the education sector.
• Expenditures on education and health make substantial long-term impact and cannot be easily reversed, hence, government intervention is essential.
• The Indian software industry has been showing an impressive record over the past two decades.
• Every individual has a right to get basic education and basic health care, that is, every individual has a right to be literate and lead a healthy life.
• Entrepreneurs, bureaucrats and politicians are now advancing views about how India can transform itself into a knowledge-based economy by using information technology (IT).
• There have been instances of villagers using e-mail which are cited as examples of such transformation.
• Investments in education and health enhance output of goods and services.
• E- governance is being projected as the way of the future.
• Human capital formation is the outcome of investments in education, health, on-the-job training, migration and information.
• The ministries of health at the union and state level, departments of health and various organisations like National Medical Commission and Indian Council for Medical Research (ICMR) facilitate institutions which come under the health sector.
• If a construction worker, maid-servant, dhobi or a peon in school has absented herself/himself for long due to ill health, it has affected her/his job security and wage/salary.
• According to the Constitution of India, expenditures on both education and health are to be carried out simultaneously by all the three tiers of the government.
• Human Resource, Human Capital Formation and Human Development are concepts that are linked to economic growth and human development.
• Government spending on education and health is necessary for the development of a nation.
• India's educational attainment is a crucial aspect of the country's development.
• Human Capital Formation in India is a topic of interest as it affects the country's economic growth and human development.
• The Tapas Majumdar Committee, appointed by the Government of India in 1999, estimated an expenditure of around Rs 1.37 lakh crore over 10 years (1998- 99 to 2006-07) to bring all Indian children in the age group of 6-14 years under the purview of school education.