ATP-ADP

• Energy is defined as the capacity to do work and the capacity to create or cause change.
• Potential Energy – energy associated with the static position of the object
• Kinetic Energy – energy associated with the random movement of atoms or molecules.
• Thermodynamics is the study of energy relationships, transformations, and exchanges.
• Two things are involved in thermodynamics: system and surroundings.
• System refers to the matter under study and can be either open or closed.
• Open systems exchange matter and energy with their surroundings, while closed systems do not.
• First Law of Thermodynamics This states that energy can be transformed or converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed.
• First Law of Thermodynamics - Law of conservation of energy.
• Second Law of Thermodynamics Energy cannot be destroyed, but some of it becomes unusable in the process – hence organisms cannot recycle energy.
• Second Law of Thermodynamics - Heat becomes a disordered form of energy.
• Metabolism is the sum of all chemical activities occurring inside a cell.
• Anabolism pertains to the metabolic pathways that involve simple molecules being synthesized to form complex ones.
• Catabolism, on the other hand, refers to the opposite.
• Chemical reactions are executed by the interaction of reactants which then result in products
• Exergonic reaction, the reactants release more of their potential energy to the surroundings, while a little turns into a product
• Endergonic reaction, the reactants obtain more energy from the surrounding during the reaction process to form a product rich in potential energy.
• The use of energy obtained from an exergonic reaction to drive endergonic reactions is called energy coupling. The reaction associated with this is called a coupled reaction
• Adenosine triphosphate - the most common energy carrier molecule
• three main types of cellular work: chemical, mechanical, and transport.