Global Demography and Global Migration

• Global demography and global migration are contemporary topics of study.
• The theory of demographic transition is utilized in explaining the global population trend.
• Political, economic, cultural, and social factors underlying the global movements of people are analyzed.
• Demography is the statistical study of human populations, examining the size, structure, and movements of populations over space and time.
• The birth rate is a commonly used demographic measure for determining the quantity of live births within a specific population over a defined period, usually a year.
• Mortality rate is a demographic metric that quantifies the number of deaths within a specific population during a particular timeframe, usually presented as a ratio of deaths per 1,000 individuals in the population.
• Life expectancy is a statistical calculation that approximates the average number of years an individual is expected to live, given current mortality rates and other demographic variables.
• Internal migration refers to the movement of individuals within the same country.
• International migration is the relocation of individuals across international borders with the intention of establishing permanent residency in the new country.
• Return migration is when migrants repatriate to their home country after spending a substantial period living abroad.
• Chain migration is a type of migration where a single individual or a small group relocates, and their migration encourages others, frequently family members or members of the same community, to follow and settle in the same region.
• Forced migration is the process of individuals being forced to flee their homes due to various factors, including conflict, persecution, environmental disasters, or human rights violations.
• Irregular or undocumented migration is the act of individuals entering or remaining in a foreign country without proper legal documentation or through non-conventional means.
• Voluntary migration is the process of relocating oneself, typically driven by personal, educational, or economic factors.
• Seasonal migration refers to the movement of individuals or groups at particular times of the year, typically due to climate changes or employment opportunities.
• The fertility rate is a demographic metric utilized to indicate the average number of children born to women within a specific population.
• The median age is a demographic metric known as the median age, representing the age that splits a population into two equal groups, with half of the individuals being younger and the other half being older.
• The DTM only considers birth and death rates.
• Immigration refers to the act of relocating to a new country or region with the intent of establishing permanent residency.
• Push factors in migration are negative things that make people want to move, while pull factors are positive aspects that attract people to move to a place.
• Demographic transition is a term, first used by Warren S. Thompson (1929), and later on by Frank W. Notestein (1945), referring to a historical process of change which accounts for the trends in births, deaths and population growth that occurred in today’s industrialized societies, especially European societies.
• Demographic transition theory (DTM) depicts the demographic history of a country and refers to the transition from high birth and high death rates to low birth and low death rates regime as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system or residential locations.
• Environmental factors that push people to migrate include natural disasters, climate change, and resource scarcity.
• Social factors that push people to migrate include lack of health care, lack of educational opportunities, and lack of religious tolerance.
• Forced migration can lead to displacement, statelessness, and other humanitarian issues.
• Refugees are commonly driven by various factors such as employment opportunities, educational prospects, family reunification, or seeking asylum as refugees.
• Forced migration refers to the movement of people due to circumstances beyond their control, such as natural disasters, climate change, or resource scarcity.
• Refugees are people who have been forced to flee their home country due to persecution, war, or terrorism.
• Emigration denotes the act of permanently relocating from one's home country to another, with the individuals who depart from their country of origin referred to as emigrants.
• Economic factors that push people to migrate include lack of employment, lack of food or shelter, and lower standard of living.
• Political factors that push people to migrate include lack of protection and security, inability to vote, lack of governmental tolerance, war and terrorism.
• Migration is the movement of individuals, households, and groups between residences or residential locations.
• Different forms of migration include internal migration, which refers to the movement of people within a country's borders, and international migration, which involves relocating to a new country.
• Migration is a demographic process that moves people between places, and so contributes to population change along with fertility and mortality.
• The age dependency ratio is a demographic measure that compares the number of people in the "dependent" age groups (typically defined as those under 15 years old and those 65 and older) to the number of people in the "working-age" group (usually defined as those between 15 and 64 years old).
• Migration is a process of moving people from one location to another, which, along with fertility and mortality, contributes to changes in population.
• Population refers to the total number of people inhabiting a country, city, or any district or area.
• Refers to the widespread and diverse movement of people across national and international borders.