Nervous tissue

• The nervous system includes the brain and spinal cord, which contain non-myelinated nerve cells and longer myelinated axons.
• Dendrons carry nerve impulses.
• Neurons are made of nerve cells.
• A neuron receives and passes on nerve impulses (action potentials) to the next neuron.
• The cell body is the end of the neuron, also known as the stoma.
• The end of the neuron, also known as the axon terminal, is where chemicals (neurotransmitters) are released.
• The gap between two Schwann cells is known as the node of Ranvier.
• Nerve impulses travel along the neuron through electrical signals.
• A nerve impulse or action potential (AP) comes when there is an ion imbalance.
• The signal moves down the neuron when an action potential reaches the axon terminal.
• When an action potential reaches the axon terminal, chemicals (neurotransmitters) are released.
• Neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse and bind to post-synaptic receptors, then continuing to the next neuron.
• Sensory neurons receive information from receptors such as ears and eyes.
• Relay neurons join neurons.
• Motor neurons take information from the brain to an effector such as a muscle or gland to produce a response.