classification of movement skills

• what are sport specific skills?

  • utilise a range of fundamental movement skills in a sequence
  • e.g. kick in afl football - running, balance, control of ball in hand, coordination of th leg muscles
  • sport specific skills are voluntary
  • successful executrion of sport specific skills requires well-developed fundamental movement skills
• what is movement precision?

  • classified according to the precision of the movement and the size of the musculature required (gross vs fine)
  • viewed as a continuum
• what are the types of movement?

  • discrete motor skill: distinct beginning and end
  • e.g. kicking a ball or free throw in basketball
  • serial motor skill: a series of discrete skills performed in successions
  • e.g. triple jump or gymnastics floor routine
  • continuous motor skill: no distinct beginning or end point, continuous in nature
  • e.g. walking or running
• what is involved in the predictability of environment?

  • closed vs open
  • viewed as a continuum
  • closed motor skill:
  • performed in a predictable or stable environment
  • timing is controlled by the performer
  • e.g. playing a shot in pool
  • open motor skill:
  • performed in an unpredictable or changing environment
  • timing is influenced by external factors
  • e.g. surfing
• how do you classify an open vs closed motor skill?

  • predictable: is the skill performed in a predictable environment
  • pace: is the timing of the skill up to the performer
  • inter-trial variability: do the conditions of the task change each time
• what is an open skill?

  • high level of environmental unpredictability
  • skill is externally paced
  • high inter-trial variability
• what is a closed skill?

  • skill is performed in a predictable environment
  • the skill is internally paced
  • low inter-trial variability
• what is a skill?

  the ability to do something well
• how are movement skills classified?

  based off of:

  1. movement precision
  2. type of movement
  3. predictability of environment
• what is a gross motor skill?

  • involve the recruitment of large muscle groups
  • more power, less precision
  • e.g. running or swimming
• what is a fine motor skill?

  • involve the recruitment of smaller muscles
  • less power, more precision
  • e.g. bouncing a tennis ball or a dart throw
• what are fundamental movement skills?

  • movement parts that involve different body parts
  • FMS competency also has implications for individual health - positively affects physical activity + cardiorespiratory fitness
  • FMS has an inverse relationship with weight
  • the movement patterns from the foundation for more complex and specialised skills - provide the basis for the development of more sport-specific skills (determines level of performance a person can achieve when playing sport)
  • FMS can be classified as: stability skills + locomotor skills+ manipulative/object control skills
• what are stability skills?

  • involve balance and control of the body
  • e.g. sit in chair; balancing; twisting
• what are locomotor skills?

  • enable us to move through space
  • e.g. walk; run; jump
• what are manipulative/object control skills?

  • involves the control of an object (manipulating)
  • e.g. catching; throwing
• what is the link between motor skill development, participating and performance?

  • Require basic level of skill to participate in sports + various types of physical activity
  • More likely to enjoy these activities if they have the skills that allow for success in the activity
  • The more they enjoy the activities, the more likely they are to participate and hence the more likely they are to further develop skills, continue to participate and perform well