reconstruction

• the fourteenth amendment granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States, including former slaves
• Lincoln's reconstruction plan was the 10% plan where 10% of voters had to take an allegiance oath and aimed for a quick regeneration of the south to the lenient union
• The Wade Davis Bill was a more radical alternative to lincolns plan in which a major loyalty oath was needed for the south, lincoln pocket vetoed it
• Congress passed the Civil Rights Act of 1866 that gave equal protection under law to all citizens regardless of race, color, or previous condition of slavery
• The Fourteenth Amendment guaranteed due process and equal protection under the law to all citizens, but did not grant voting rights to African Americans
• black codes were laws that restricted the rights of African Americans in the south, they were aimed at social control and limiting opportunities
• the 13th Amendment was passed in 1865 and abolished slavery in the US unless it was for convicts
• the freedman's bureau was set up to help former slaves and provided medical, educational, and legal assistance, was supposed to only last a year but it lasted 2
• Johnson reconstruction plan was similar to lincolns but with additional requirements, it led to conflicts with Congress
• first black man in the house of representatives was joseph rainey
• the civil rights act of 1866 was a law that gave citizenship and led to 14th amendment
• 15th amendment - right to vote for African Americans
• enforcement act of 1870 made it illegal to travel in groups with a bad intent
• slaughterhouse case, national vs state rights, privileges and immunities
• carpetbaggers were people in the north who moved to the south to take advantage of the situation
• skalawags were people in the south who went to north, called traitors by southerners
• sharecropping was where Landowners provided land, tools, and seed to laborers in exchange for a share of the crop.
• crop lein was a Credit system where farmers used future crops as collateral for loans.
• the civil rights act of 1875 was where the government enforced the 14th amendment and no segragation
• roberts small was slave who took over ship and sailed away
• robert b elliot = first black owned newspaper + house of reps
• military reconstruction of 1867 Congress divided the South into military districts governed by Union generals, 14th Amendment for readmission to the Union.
• Ulysses s grant Union Army General during the Civil War known for his strategic prowess
• KKK was a white supremacy group after civil war
• economic depression of 1873, stock market crashed, banks failed, unemployment rose
• special field order 15, 40 acres and a mule, General Willam Sherman, that provided confiscated land to freed slaves
• juneteenth was the date that the slaves were freed in 1865
• Andrew johnsons impeachment was when he was impeached by house of Representatives, conflicts with congress
• francis lewis cardozo was privlied and went politics, edu, politics
• punishment for violating 14th amendment, was limiting state representation in congress