VO 7 microbiology

• Diagnostic methods for identifying infectious pathogens include growth-dependent microbiology tests, immunology tests, and molecular biology tests.
• Immunological tests can measure a patient's immune responses or directly identify the pathogen in host tissue or culture.
• Western Blot is used to detect proteins in a protein mixture by separating them through gel electrophoresis and transferring them to a solid carrier membrane.
• This therapeutic strain infected mouse pancreatic cancer cells and replicated in them without affecting normal pancreatic cells.
• Fluorescent Antibody Identification and Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) are used for the detection of microbial surface antigens.
• Reverse transcriptases build up a hybrid double strand of RNA and DNA after a single-stranded RNA is presented.
• The genes for the 16S rRNA were more abundant in the strain compared to the npt gene.
• PCR is used to analyze DNA fragments and enables the identification of a DNA sequence within the genetic material.
• The production of antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids, cortisone, enzymes, and insulin are applications of industrial microbiology and molecular biotechnology.
• The mature insulin is comprised of two separate peptides: the A chain with 21 amino acids and the B chain with 30 amino acids.
• Southern Blot is a method used to analyze DNA fragments and identify specific DNA sequences within the genetic material.
• Hosts for molecular cloning
• Production of transgenic plants using a binary vector system in Agrobacterium tumefaciens
• Cloning into a plasmid vector
• Production of recombinant vaccinia virus
• Reporter genes, e.g. lacZ (ß-Galactosidase) or the Green Fluorescent Protein gene (gfp)
• Strategies for bacterial delivery of therapeutic agents using Listeria monocytogenes
• Site-directed mutagenesis and gene disruption by cassette mutagenesis
• PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) is a method used to analyze DNA fragments and amplify specific DNA regions through the binding of primers to the target sequence.
• Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is used to quantify the amount of specific DNA sequences, such as 16S rRNA genes.