memory (paper 1)

• encoding


  changing info so it can be held in the brain
• storage


  holding info in your memory so it can be retrieved later
• retrieval


  locating and bringing info into your mind
• recognition 


  type of recall where you identify from options (e.g. multiple choice)
• cued recall


  type of recall where you locate info using a clue
• free recall


  type of recall with no clues
• sensory memory


  memory store that has a very short duration (less than half a second) but a large capacity
• STM


  memory store with limited duration (30secs) and capacity (5~9 items), and coding is acoustic
• LTM


  memory store with unlimited capacity and duration, coding is semantic
• episodic memory 


  type of long term memory for personal events
• procedural memory 


  type of long term memory for how to do things (e.g. driving a car)
• semantic memory 


  a store for our knowledge of the world (e.g. what words mean)
• capacity 


  the amount of info that can be held in a memory store
• duration


  the length of time info can be held in a memory store
• primacy effect


  higher recall for first few words (LTM)
• recency effect 


  highest recall for last few words (STM)
• serial position effect 


  the tendency for people to recall the first and last words in a word list
• reconstructive memory


  fragments of info stored and reassembled during recall - gaps are filled in with our social + cultural expectations
• interference 


  forgetting may occur if 2 similar memories compete with each other
• context


  the situation in which something happens (this can act as a cue to increase recall)
• false memory


  a memory for something that didn't actually happen but feels like it did
• what are the 3 factors that effect the accuracy of memory?

  1. interference
  2. context
  3. false memories
• proactive interference 


  old info effects recall of new info
• retroactive interference 


  new info effects recall of old info