Nationalism in Asia, Africa, Latin. A

• How did the Great War affect Asian relations with imperial powers?

  It affected relations negatively.
• What does the idea of self-determination lead to in Asia?

  Thoughts of independence and national unity.
• What is India's goal regarding Britain?

  To gain independence from Britain.
• What is China's goal concerning foreign control?

  To stamp out foreign control.
• What challenges did Asian nations face during their quest for autonomy?

  Fraught with foreign and civil wars.
• What was Japan's focus during the quest for autonomy in Asia?

  Conquering China.
• How did British improvements influence Indian nationalism?

  They spurred the development of nationalism.
• What infrastructure did the British create in India that contributed to nationalism?

  A vast railway network.
• Who were the educated Indian administrators created by the British?

  Elites educated in European values.
• What values were the educated Indian administrators taught?

  Democracy, individual freedom, equality.
• When was the Indian National Congress founded?

  In 1885.
• What was the initial position of the Indian National Congress regarding British collaboration?

  In favor of collaboration with British.
• How did the position of the Indian National Congress change after World War I?

  Moved to opposition against British.
• What was the British response to the rise of Indian nationalism?

  Enacted repressive measures.
• Who was Mohandas K. Gandhi?

  A leader in the Indian independence movement.
• What title was given to Gandhi and what does it mean?

  Mahatma, meaning "great soul."
• What was Gandhi's stance on the caste system?

  He opposed the caste system.
• When did Gandhi return to India?

  In 1915.
• How did Gandhi transform the Indian National Congress?

  Made it a mass movement.
• What is Ahimsa?

  Non-violence.
• What does Satyagraha mean?

  Passive resistance, "truth and firmness."
• What was the Non-cooperation Movement?

  A movement from 1920-1922.
• What was the Civil Disobedience Movement?

  A movement initiated in 1930.
• What did Gandhi resist regarding India's economy?

  The move to industrialize.
• What did Gandhi believe was key to independence?

  Economic self-sufficiency.
• What was the boycott of British institutions?

  Refusal to support British schools and courts.
• What happened during the Amritsar Massacre?

  Colonial troops massacred 379 unarmed protestors.
• What was the Government of India Act of 1937?

  A British political compromise offering autonomy.
• What did the Government of India Act create?

  An autonomous legislature.
• Why did the Government of India Act prove unworkable?

  India's princes refused to cooperate.
• What were Muslim fears regarding the Government of India Act?

  Fears of Hindu dominance.
• What economic issue exacerbated tensions in India during the 1930s?

  The Great Depression.
• Who proposed the partition and creation of Pakistan?

  Muhammad Ali Jinnah.
• What event forced Emperor Puyi to abdicate?

  The revolution in 1911.
• Who proclaimed the Republic of China in 1912?

  Sun Yatsen.
• What followed the proclamation of the Republic of China?

  Political anarchy.
• Who exercised local control in China after the revolution?

  Independent warlords.
• What did warlords neglect in China?

  Infrastructure and allowed opium trade.
• What were "unequal treaties" in China?

  Treaties forced by foreign powers.
• How did foreign privileges affect China's sovereignty?

  Hindered its sovereignty.